Mangal Charan Murmu

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal hypoglycemia is common metabolic disorder. Hyperglycemia can also occur in other conditions like exogenous parenteral glucose administration, preterm, ELBW babies, stressed premature infants (requiring mechanical ventilation), hypoxia or neonatal diabetes mellitus. The major clinical problems associated with hyperglycemia are hyper osmolality and osmotic dieresis leading to alteration in cerebral auto regulation. Aim & objective: To study the effect of hyperglycemia in term neonate with sepsis and compare it with hypoglycemia. Materials and Methods: It is a hospital based prospective observational study .The study was carried out in the special care neonatal unit and pediatric indoor of Department of Pediatrics, SCB Medical College, Cuttack and SVP Postgraduate Institute of Pediatrics, Cuttack during the period from September 2018 to August 2020. Observation: The number of cases of neonatal sepsis with normoglycemia hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia were, 90(44%), 67(32%), 52(24%) cases respectively. The total number of cases with proven sepsis (n=47) hyperglycemia accounts for 40.4%of cases followed by hypoglycemia 18 cases (38.3%) and normoglycemia seen in 10 cases (21.2%). Conclusion: Both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia were associated with increased mortality rates at all thresholds but hyperglycemia was independently associated with increased odds of death in patients with neonatal sepsis compared to hypoglycemia.   Keywords: Blood Glucose, Neonate, Sepsis, Hypoglycemia, Hyperglycemia

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Abstract

Introduction: Childhood Immunization almost guarantees protection from many major diseases. Immunization is regarded as one of the most successful and cost effective public health interventions which averts about 3 million deaths annually and has the potential, if coverage improves, of saving the lives of an additional 1.5 million children annually. Aim & Objectives: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice among the mothers (studied up to class 10th) of children under 5 years regarding immunization status attending a tertiary care hospital during study period. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the department of pediatrics, SCB Medical College, Cuttack from September 2019 to October 2021. It is a cross sectional study. Observation: 94.9% mothers had received information from health personnel, 0.9% from family and friends, 1.2% from media or literature and 3.1% from previous births. There is a significant correlation between education and caste and religion with immunization status. 85% of mothers who had studied high school had completely immunized their children, emphasizing the importance of education in immunization. Educated mothers and those who delivered in the hospital have better knowledge, attitude and practice towards immunization. Conclusion: Regular orientation programmes on immunization for women may be arranged by health providers to educate women and share their information to appropriate levels of knowledge of each mother’s understanding to compensate communication gap.   Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Immunization

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