Mohan Kumar P

Abstract

Regenerative techniques, which aim to replace damaged periodontal ligament, bone, cementum, and connective tissue, are newer approaches to periodontal care. In periodontology and oral implantology, the development of molecular mediators has accelerated substantially over the last decade. At various cellular levels, different growth agents cause distinct reactions in periodontal tissues. The potency of biologics in regenerating the periodontal tissues is the call attention in this review paper, in which it discusses the structure, mechanism of action, indication and FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approval to use in regenerating periodontal tissues. The working activity of biologic agents together with reasons for utilizing them in regenerating tissues of periodontium lost due to disease are discussed, as well as the expected benefits as compared to traditional approaches. Keywords: Growth factors, Periodontal, Regeneration, Soft tissue grafting

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Abstract

Breath malodor is a social problem, and most patients complained about breath malodor in most countries. The etiological chain of breath malodor originated from the volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), gingival and periodontal diseases. When the threshold concentration, odor power, and volatility of the molecules increase in the expired air, it results in unpleasant breath odor. There are many tests to diagnose oral malodor, and the clinical management includes mechanical reduction of nutrients, clinical reduction of oral microorganisms, conversion, and masking of volatile sulfur compounds. When the dentist's treatment of oral malodor is not successful, then referral to the physician is warranted.   Keywords: Breath odor, Halitosis, Microbiology, Volatile sulfur compounds

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Abstract

Introduction: Currently, the leading theme in periodontal surgery is the use of magnification system in treating any kind of periodontal diseases. Periodontal microscope has been successfully in use in both the categories of non-surgical and surgical therapies. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the literature with respect to efficacy of periodontal microscope in treating periodontal diseases. Data Sources: Search strategies were performed via electronic database which included Pubmed-Medline, Journal on Web, Google scholar and manual search using University library resources. Two reviewers assessed the eligibility of the studies. Study Eligibility Criteria: Controlled clinical trials, randomized clinical trials and longitudinal studies evaluating the efficacy of surgical microscope with minimum of 6 months follow up were included. In-vitro and animal studies, studies mainly done under surgical loupes and case series and case reports were excluded from the search. Results: The electronic and manual search identified a total of 217 articles. A final screen consisted of 107 articles out of which articles were selected for full-text assessment. Finally, articles were selected for detailed evaluation for this systematic review. Surgical microscope has shown significant results in all the studies except for one study. Conclusion: Surgical microscope usage gives an impression of being the best option now days which helps in better diagnostic ability and enhances the treatment quality of both non-surgical and surgical therapies. Thus, resulting in best outcome for the patients and also provide ergonomic benefit to the operator playing as an important factor for future to adopt microsurgery by all the professions including dentistry. Keywords: Magnifification, Microscope, Microsurgery, Periodontal surgery.

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