Pathan Multazim Muradkhan

Abstract

India has confirmed its first monkeypox death case on 1 August 2022. Knowledge about its symptoms and spread is of outmost importance. With an incubation period of 6-13 days monkey pox distinctive symptom is lymphadenopathy. Close contacts are at the highest risk of contracting the disease and Polymerase chain reaction is the preferred laboratory test. This review article briefs on the important aspects of monkeypox disease including the measures taken by national and international agencies to spread awareness and steps taken to confine the spread of the disease. The article elaborates the role of ICMR New Delhi India and NIV Pune India in taking necessary actions to curtail the exposure of cases and the efforts taken in the invention of invitro diagnostic kits and providing resources for vaccine development. Key message: This article attempts to describe the spread symptoms and measures taken by the competent authorities of The Government of India for immediate prevention, action and development of IVD kits and vaccination for monkeypox outbreak in the year 2022.   Keywords : Poxviridae, Outbreak, lymphadenopathy, Ticorivimat, ICMR, NIV

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Abstract

Aim: The present article aims to describe the sudden emergence of 2019 novel Corona virus its incidence and spread among the neighbouring countries and preventive measures that the World Health Organization and The Central Government of India is taking to ensure early detection and management of cases. Setting and design: The study is cumulative of the recent literature released by the Central Government of India DHR and ICMR, the Chinese scientists handling the samples and Interim measures on controlling the 2019n-Corona virus by World Health Organization and American National Institute of Health. Materials and Methods: Inclusion criteria: Articles that discussed corona virus history and epidemiology. Case reports and Interim guidelines by WHO. Articles related to treatment of SARS and MERS in the past 10 years. The study was conducted at GIMS-VRDL, Department of Microbiology, Gulbarga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburagi, Karnataka and articles were selected using PRISMA 2009 checklist. Exclusion criteria: Articles with no proves. Conclusion: In a short period of 58 days 2019n-CoV has affected more than 82138 people globally and caused 2801 casualties (2744 deaths in mainland China and 57 deaths in the neighbouring countries). The novel corona virus has challenged human technology and development with its undetected highly efficient spread and mutation rate. The role of WHO and ICMR in providing interim guidelines to health care professionals and Research Scientists in identification, isolation, specimen collection and management of affected cases is commendable. On 17th February UNICEF has appealed an estimate of 42.5 million USD to financially support the outbreak response. With growing numbers of cases the fight against the corona virus is still at stake, research needs to be conducted for better understanding different routes of spread including vertical transmission in humans and the detailed genomic sequence, for developing diagnostic kits and efficient anti corona virus drugs and vaccinations. Keywords: Kalaburagi, Karnataka and articles were selected using PRISMA 2009 checklist, Exclusion criteria: Articles with no proves Keywords: COVID19 zoonotic outbreak pandemic DHRICMR, VRDL preventive measures areas for research

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