Ravikant Rambhai Patel

Abstract

Background: Overcrowding and household environments are high-risk settings for transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Aims and Objectives: To calculate the household secondary attack rate among household contacts of confirmed case of COVID-19. 2) To elicit the housing factors affecting the transmission of infection. 3) To know the sociodemographic of the discharge patients. A prospective study was conducted among the COVID 19 laboratory-confirmed discharged patients admitted at District Covid Hospital, Designated Covid health centre from period May 2020 to July 2020. Total 94 patients were able to contact telephonically. Sociodemographic details were taken after informed Verbal consent. Those who are not able to contact telephonically or didn't give consent are excluded. Results: Household secondary attack rate is 14.5%. Mean rooms per person were 2.8 with a standard deviation of 1.38. The mean age of the patients was 39 years with a standard deviation of 14.9. A mild negative correlation between the number of positive COVID-19 cases and rooms per person (r= ?0.045, p>0.05) and mild negative correlation was seen with the number of family members and proportion of family members (positive COVID-19 cases in family/total members in the family) being infected by COVID-19 (r= ?0.20, p>0.05). Conclusion: Infection control and preventive strategies of household transmission such as good ventilation, isolation precautions of infected person at home, household disinfecting procedures, wearing of mask at home, hand hygiene needs to be encouraged at household level to lower the Secondary attack rate before recommendation of home isolation and home quarantine measures.   Keywords: SARS- CoV- 2, Secondary Attack rate, COVID- 19, Isolation.

View Article

Abstract

Background: Child sex ratio has been declining over a period of time. Preference for a male child by the family leading to sex selective abortion is found to be a major factor which may have adverse impact on the social structure. The social evil female feticide and infanticide can be eradicated only when we identify the reasons of gender preference and recognize the importance of women in their life. Preference for male baby reflects underlying socioeconomic and cultural patterns and prevailing inequity between genders in many societies in India. So this study was undertaken to find out the gender preference and various reasons for gender preference among antenatal women. Aims & Objectives: This study was conducted among ANC mothers to know 1. Epidemiological factors of pregnant mother affecting the gender preference 2. Know the gender preference among ANC Mother for current pregnancy 3. Know the reasons for gender preference. Materials and Methods:  A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among 100 antenatal women attending to Outpatient department of tertiary care hospital in the months of July-August 2021. Written consent was obtained after being briefed in detail about the aim and objectives of the study. Information was obtained using a pre-tested questionnaire on Demographic details, Obstetrics details, order of pregnancy, gender preference by the mother and reasons for gender preference etc. The data was entered and analyzed by using statistical software. Results: In our study mean age of pregnant mother is 23±2SD, 15% mothers are illiterate and 58% from general category and 51% are residing in Nuclear family. 40.0% of pregnant mother had male gender preference and main reason for male gender preference was previous female child (60.0%), income purpose (57.50%), for generation constitution (45.0%) and demand of in laws (45.0%). We also noted the reason for non-preference of female child and noted that 87.5% had already a female child in their family. A desire for a balanced number of daughters and sons and a preference were observed. A son preference was observed among pregnant mothers for various reasons such as Income purpose, generation constitution, demand of in laws etc. Keywords: Gender preference, Female, Male, Pregnant Mother

View Article