Keshava A.

Abstract

Objectives: The present study was designed to analyse the effect of curcumin on certain periodontopathic pathogens in vitro. Material and Methods: 25% Curcumin was employed to analyze its Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) potential against the selected micro-organisms.Gram negative oral bacterial strains which included primary colonizers namely, Aggregatebacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis and secondary colonizers which are Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotellainter media were cultured using thioglycollate growth medium under anaerobic conditions. Broth microdilution susceptibility test method was employed in order to determine the antimicrobial effectiveness of bacterial responses at growing dilutions of curcumin. After incubation in tubes, the antibacterial activity of curcumin was detected by the lack of turbidity, which indicated the inhibition of bacterial growth. Results: The curcumin MIC values were 12.6 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, 0.4 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL against P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, T. forsythia, F. nucleatum, A. actinomycetemcomitans, S. sanguis and S. mitis respectively. Conclusions: Curcumin inhibited the growth of all the selected bacterial strains at growing dilutions and is therefore a potent agent against periodontal diseases. There is a need for further in vivo studies to assess the experimental observations on antibacterial effects of curcumin. Keywords: Curcumin, Mean Inhibitory Concentration, Periodontitis, Anti inflammatory, Optical Density

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Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of ultrasonic mechanical instrumentation (UMI) along with the professional use of chlorhexidine (CHX) compared with UMI alone during periodontal supportive therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis. Material and Methods: A total of twenty patients were included in the study and were divided into test and control group. The test group (ten patients) was treated with a single session of UMI along with subgingival irrigation under cavitation with CHX 0.02%. A 0.2% CHX solution was used for professional tongue brushing and mouth rinsing. The control group (ten patients) received a similar single session of UMI along with subgingival irrigation and professional tongue brushing and mouth rinsing with a control formulation. Clinical and microbiological parameters were assessed pre-treatment at 3 and 6 weeks post­treatment. Results: Results showed that there was a significant reduction of supragingival plaque and gingival inflammation as well as a significant reduction of subgingival bacterial pathogens in both test and control groups. The additional use of CHX did not result in any additional clinical and microbiological benefit with respect to UMI alone. Conclusion: CHX formulations in conjunction with UMI seems to produce no additional benefits over UMI alone during supportive therapy in chronic periodontitis patients. Keywords: Chlorhexidine, Chronic Periodontitis, Piezoelectric Ultrasonic, Subgingival Microbiota.

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