T Prasanth

Abstract

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disorder varying in appearance, affects the mucus membrane of the oral cavity and is potentially premalignant. Various therapeutic regimens have been developed for the management of OLP highlighting steroids as a first-line therapeutic procedure. Recently, modalities like lasers, photodynamic therapy (PDT), photobiomodulation (PBM) has also been mentioned in the literature to be equally effective with minimal intervention. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 known cases of OLP were randomly allocated into three groups; topical corticosteroid applications, diode laser ablation (980 nm), and photodynamic therapy. Patients were evaluated for RAE score, Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) using the VAS score following the intervention. Results: Applications of PDT and diode laser ablation proved effective in the resolution of symptoms in RAE scoring and OHQOL and has proved that these have a bright future to evolve as a future trend. Conclusion: Modalities like lasers ablation and PDT open new dimensions in the management of OLP providing safe and effective alternative techniques compared to the conventional method. Keywords: Diode Laser, RAE scoring, Topical Corticosteroids, VAS scoring, Photodynamic therapy (PDT), Oral health quality of life (OHQOL)

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Abstract

Periodontitis is chronic inflammation of the periodontium caused by persistent bacterial infection affecting the connective tissue attachment and supporting bone around the teeth. As the ability to reconstruct the periodontium is limited after alveolar bone loss, early diagnosis and intervention should be paramount goals of periodontal treatment preventing future disease’s progression. Saliva is a physiologic fluid that contains complex mixture of substances as well as inflammatory biomarkers associated with periodontitis. Conventional clinical criteria are often insufficient for determining sites of active disease, for monitoring the response to therapy, or for measuring the degree of susceptibility to future disease progression. Therefore, the use of saliva has provided a substantial addition to the diagnostic armamentarium as an investigative tool for disease processes. With the current technological advances, together with point-of-care detection systems, salivary analysis will be valued much more highly in the near future. Even though saliva is easy to manipulate with low-cost storage, careful attention must be directed to limit variation in specimen integrity. This review focuses on the biomarkers in saliva that appears to be promising in the future for periodontal diagnosis, as well as some contemporary diagnostic tests available.   Keywords: Periodontitis, Saliva, Salivary diagnostics, Biomarkers, Point­of­care detection systems

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