Shankar Marshal Toppo

Abstract

Introduction: Ovarian germ cell neoplasm represents approximately 25 to 30 percent of ovarian tumours, which significantly varies with respect to their clinical presentation, histology, and biology. The main aim of this study is to evaluate frequency, incidence and histopathologic pattern with respect to age, sex and clinical presentation of tumor. Materials and Methods: This work is a retrospective study of ovarian germ cell tumors carried out in department of pathology at tertiary health care center. All cases of germ cell tumors during the period from May 2008 to June 2018 were retrieved from the record files and analyzed. The tissues were routinely fixed with 10% formalin, and the slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain and also with special stains whenever required. Results: Out of 142 cases of GCTs, 15 cases (16.30%) ovarian GCT belonged to pediatric age group and 77 cases (83.69%) belonged to the adult age group (20-50Years). Out of 92 cases of ovarian neoplasm, most common histological types were mature teratoma 81.52%, followed by dysgerminoma 7.6%, immature teratoma 4 cases (4.34%) and mixed GCT 3.26%. There were 2 cases of yolk sac tumor and one case of choriocarcinoma. Abdominal pain followed by lump was the commonest Clinical presentation. Conclusion: Mature teratoma is the most common germ cell tumor, most commonly occurring in the 3rd decade. Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant germ cell tumor occurring in the 10-20 years age group. Keywords: Teratoma, Dysgerminoma, Ovary, Germ cell, Yolk sac tumour.

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Abstract

Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was thought as a means to confirm a clinical suspicion of local recurrence or metastasis of known cancer without subjecting the patient to further surgical intervention. The role of FNAC is not limited to neoplastic conditions. The aim of present study is to evaluate various pattern of lymph lesion & various causes of lymphadenopathy. Materials and Methods: This is retrospective study of 380 patients with complaint of lymph node swellings of all age and sex. FNAC was done in all cases after maintaining aseptic precaution using 22-24 G needle attached to 05-20 ml syringe. Slides were stained with H&E stain and every slide of all the cases of lymphnadenopathies were examined. Finally cytological diagnosis made according to the cytomorphology of cells, etiology& clinical findings. Results: Out of 308 cases most common etiology of lymphadenopathy was found to be Tuberculous Lymphadenitis 37.37%, followed by reactive hyperplasia of lymph node 26.58%, Cold Abscess 13.16%, Malignancy 8.15%, Lympho-proliferative disorder 1.32% and least common was Necrotizing lymphadenitis 0.53%. Conclusion: Tuberculous Lymphadenitis is common in this region of Maharashtra, which can be effectively diagnosed by combination of FNAC, Ziehl-Neelsen stain and Cartridge Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test. FNAC has high accuracy rate to differentiate infective, non neoplastic conditions from neoplastic conditions. FNAC is a simple, safe, reliable, and inexpensive method in early detection of lymph node lesions, which has been proven in this study. Keywords: Fine needle aspiration cytology, Lymphoproliferative disorder, Reactive lymphadenitis, Tuberculous lymphadenitis.

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