Sushma Praveen Kulkarni

Abstract

Introduction: Nephrectomy is a common surgical procedure done in neoplastic as well as many non-neoplastic conditions affecting kidney. Poor renal functioning is a major burden contributing to nephrectomy. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective and retrospective study conducted to study the clinicopathological correlation of non-neoplastic nephrectomy specimen. The significant gross and microscopic findings were tabulated for studying the relative frequency of different non neoplastic conditions affecting the kidney. Result: In our study we found that 70 to 85 % of total nephrectomies were for non-neoplastic indications. Hydronephrosis was by far the commonest indication for nephrectomy. The peak age ranges were 31- 40 yrs and 51-60 yrs for males and 31-40 yrs for females. Both males and females showed right sided nephrectomy more common than left sided. On microscopy, the predominant finding was glomerular sclerosis in 38% of the specimens and hyalinization of the glomeruli in 23% of the cases. Chronic inflammation was by far the commonest finding with lymphocytes, plasma cells infiltrating the interstitium in all the studied specimens. It was observed that chronic pyelonephritis with end stage kidney disease and hydronephrosis were by far the commonest diagnosis offered contributing to 88% of the cases. Conclusion: Our study concludes that chronic pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis are the commonest nonneoplastic conditions contributing to the nephrectomy burden. As these are a treatable group of conditions, they should be well identified in the earlier stages so that many such nephrectomies can be avoided. Keywords: Nephrectomy, Pathology, Microscopy, Non-neoplastic.

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Abstract

Introduction: Kidneys are vital organ for multiple function in the body. Thereby kidney can be involved in various pathological processes. Nephrectomy is the treatment of choice in extreme and untreatable conditions including malignancies. Aims and Objectives: In this study we aim to analyse the nephrectomy specimen received in terms of the various epidemiological factors and their clinico-histopathological correlation. The study also aims to give an account of currect trend of nephrectomy in the study population. Materials and Methods: This is three year prospective and retrospective analysis of the consecutive nephrectomy specimen received in department of pathology with emphasis on epidemiological and clinic-pathological correlation. Results: A total of 48 nephrectomy specimen received during the study period, 28(58%) were male and 20(42%) were females. We found that 40% of the cases constituted that of chronic pyelonephritis with or without end stage renal disease while renal cell carcinoma of clear cell type constituted 17% of the cases. Conclusion: This study concludes that non neoplastic indications for nephrectomy constitute the major burden in our study population. These conditions if diagnosed in advance can be treated and nephrectomy can be avoided. Keywords: Kidney, Nephrectomy, Epidemiology, Histopathology.

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