Omotoso Olusegun Dare

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effects by the intervention of Moringa Oleifera seed oil on the damage to frontal cortex of rats by cadmium and herbal alcoholic beverage. Materials and Method: Eighty Wistar rats (73-151g,n=10)grouped as follows: A Control;B1(Cadmium) ;B2(Cadmium+Moringa seed oil) ;C1(Herbal alcoholic Beverage);C2(Herbal alcoholic Beverage +moringa seed oil);D(Cadmium +Herbal alcoholic beverage);E(Cadmium+Herbal alcoholic beverage+Moringa seed oil) and F(Moringa seed oil) for four weeks followed by histological studies. Results: The histoarchitecture of the frontal cortex was characterized by pyknosis of nuclei which resulted in dissolution of Nissl substance. Activation of astrocytes were evidence in group B1, B2, C1, C2 and D which were exposed to cadmium and HAB while those of groups B2, C2 and E showed ameliorative effect that were evident in reduction in pyknotic neurons and reduction of activated astrocytes. Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be deduced that Moringa Oleifera seed oil has neuroprotective properties. Keywords: Cadmium, frontal cortex, Moringa, Beverage, Nissl substance

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Abstract

Exposure to cadmium and consumption of herbal alcoholic beverages (HAB) is rising in Nigeria, thereby leading to the increase in the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. Preventing the damages caused by these exposures will be a valuable approach in managing neurodegenerative disorders associated with this exposure. In folkloric medicine moringa oleifera is used to manage many disease conditions especially neurodegenerative diseases. This study is therefore aimed at investigating the neuroprotective properties of Moringa Oleifera in cadmium and (HAB) induced frontal cortex damage in Wistar Rats. Eighty Wistar Rats 73g-151g were used for the study. The rats were randomly divided into eight groups A, B1, B2, C1, C2, D, E, and F of 5 rats each. group A served as control which received 2.5mg/kgbw phosphate buffer intra-peritoneally, while group F served as Moringa-treated control and received oral administration of 2.0 mg/kgbw Moringa oleifera. Groups B1, B2, D and E were injected intra-peritoneally with 3.5mg/kgbw CdSO4.8H2 Osingle dose. Group C1, C2 and D received oral administration of 0.5 ml HAB and group B2, C2and E were administered orally with 2.0mg/kgbw Moringaoleifera. The intervention lasted for four weeks and the tissues were processed histologically. Activation of astrocytes were evident in group B1, C1, C2 and D which were exposed to cadmium and HAB while those of groups B2, C2 and E showed ameliorative effect that were evident in reduction in the number of swelling and pyknotic neurons and reduction of activated astrocytes Moringa oleifera has neuroprotective properties in the frontal cortex by reducing the numbers of activated astrocytes. Keywords: Cadmium, Frontal cortex, Moringa oleifera Beverage, Astrocytes

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