Sourya Kumar

Abstract

Background/Purpose: Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) has been used as a root canal medicament due to its antimicrobial activity and organic tissue dissolution capacity. To, increase the efficiency and success of root canal/endodontics treatment calcium hydroxide has to be removed from the canals walls. This study evaluate and compare four different irrigation system i.e. Conventional Irrigation (plastic 30 gauge needle), Sonic Irrigation ( Endoactivator), Ultrasonic Continuous Irrigation and Negative pressure with Endo Irrigation plus. Material and Methods: For carrying out this study we have used 50 extracted premolar roots, preserved in sodium hypochlorite. Then they were randomly allocated five in four groups (n=10) and a control group. Specimen were statistically analysed by Kruskal Wallis test. All Testing was performed at significance level P-values 0.05. The analysis was carried out with social sciences version (SPSS)17.0 for Windows(SPSSInc.,Chicago, IL,USA). Results: In our present study we have found that None of the techniques used was completely able to remove Ca(OH)2 from the root canals. But the Sonic irrigation system (Endoactivator) has some potential benefit in removal of calcium hydroxide. Keywords: Eugenol, Maillefer, Intracanal

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Aim: Our study aims to examine the influence of COVID-19 on psychological and mental well-being, along with its impact on overall quality of life. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 24, 2020, to October 3, 2020, involving Indian adults residing in India. Participants were recruited using convenient and snowball sampling methods, reaching out through a Google form distributed via social media platforms. A total of 305 participants responded to the survey, providing socio-demographic information and answering 14 validated questions related to stress, anxiety, socioeconomic impact, and social support. Data was collected anonymously and analyzed confidentially. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted our sample, causing moderate to severe stress due to peak cases in India. Our findings highlight the need for increased mental health awareness, support for friends and family, and future research. Ongoing pandemic effects require confirmation in larger populations. Policymakers should prioritize positive attitude development and effective policy implementation.   Keywords: Impact of covid 19, Qol in pandemic, Mental health in covid 19, Life style in covid 19, Stress and anxiety in covid -19 pandemic

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Introduction: The aim of this research is to explore the efficacy and safety of neurostimulation techniques, particularly responsive neurostimulation, in treating medically refractory epilepsy. The study reviews relevant literature, discusses the mechanisms of action, and presents evidence of reduced seizure frequency and improved quality of life in patients receiving neurostimulation. Materials and Methods: To evaluate invasive Neuromodulation’s efficiency for medically refractory epilepsy, we searched databases like Google Scholar, Medline, and Elsevier using keywords ‘Neuromodulation and epilepsy’. Numerous relevant results emerged. We conducted rapid abstract reviews to identify key articles, cross-referencing for valuable references, ensuring a comprehensive analysis of pertinent research. Conclusion: Neuromodulation techniques, particularly VNS, DBS, and RNS, offer promising therapeutic options for medically refractory epilepsy. Ongoing research and clinical trials are vital for refining these treatments, adapting them for diverse populations, and enhancing outcomes. The potential to improve patients’ quality of life through innovative approaches is encouraging, driving further progress in neuromodulation.   Keywords: Epilepsy, Neuromodulation, Responsive Neurostimulation, Seizure treatment, Vagus nerve stimulation

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