Amar Shah

Abstract

Background: Infections arising out of dengue is a prime concern in the country. Himmatnagar too is not devoid of its devastating effects. In order to identify the existence of the virus of dengue, some serological tests are done in the labs. The effectiveness of rapid immunochromatographic test has been accessed in this study in identifying antibodies to Dengue virus (DENV). Materials and Methods: In this study, the patients having the signs of infection of dengue were included and the serum samples of such patients were obtained for the purpose. The tests of the samples were performed with Panbio Dengue Duo Cassette for the ruling of antibodies of IgG and IgM. Further, for antibody capture test and the detection of the same, immunochromatrgraphic testings were taken into consideration. Result: The exactness of index for the detection of IgG and IgM can be traced down with the results where the sensitivity lasted with figures like 79% and 83% along with specificity having a figure of 65% and 58% whilst the positive and negative predictive values remained 57 and 64 percent as well as 85 and 72 percent respectively. (Decimals either contracted or rounded off). Conclusion: The device showcased approval to DENVs in perceiving the IgG and IgM antibodies but it cannot be suggested for confirmatory diagnostic test. Keywords: Infection, Dengue, Virus, Antibody.

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Abstract

During pregnancy there is progressive anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes not only confined to the genital organs but also to all systems of the body.1 any of these changes begin soon after remarkable adaptations occur in response to physiological stimuli provided by the fetus or fetal tissues. Equally astounding is the fact that the woman who is pregnant returns almost completely to her pre-pregnancy state after delivery and cessation of lactation. 2 The understanding of these adaptations to pregnancy is necessary. Because, for example hemoglobin concentration less than 12 gm /dl which define anemia in general population, is not considered indicative of anemia in pregnancy because of a physiological change called hemodilution of pregnancy. Keywords: Antenatal women, Hemogram, Pregnancy.

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Abstract

Enteric fever is en demic in all parts of India The term, ‘enteric fever ’ includes typhoid fever which is caused by S.typhi and paratyphoid fever which is caused by S. paratyphi A, B and C. However, in countries like India, isolation of organism is often jeopardized by lack of facilities or inadequate and/or improper antibiotic use prior to culture and also, culture positive cases are very less and time consuming. Laboratory diagnosis of enteric fever still relies on serological tests such as the Widal test [2;3] . The test becomes reliable if at least two properly staged tests show about a four -fold rise in antibody levels [4] . Often specific antibiotics are administered based on the single Widal test. Interpretation of a single Widal test result needs to be based on the average baseline antibody titre which is seen among healthy in dividuals in the local area. So we aimed to find out the baseline antibody titer in our area. A single blood sample is collected from the healthy blood donors coming to the blood bank. Widal test is performed by tube agglutina tion method. The baseline titre found in our area for TO, TH, AH, and BH are1:40 1:4 0, 1:40 & 1:2 0 respectively. Keywords: Baseline titre enteric fever, Widal test, Healthy individuals,

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