V. S Haritha

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the demographic and clinicopathological profile of patienst with gall bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 464 patients of gall bladder cancer were taken in the study from January 2017 till December 2021. Both demographic and clinicopathological data was obtained retrospectively from the medical record database. Results: We found that there is a shift in age group over the period of 5 years with most of the patients previously being in the age group 61–70 years with a recent shift in the last two years to the age group 51-60 years. Majority of the patients were females coming from a rural background. Most of them had a non – vegetarian diet. Addiction in the form of tobacco chewing and smoking was present in 44.8% and 18.7% respectively and alcohol intake was seen in 12.2%. The most common site of disease was found to be involving the body 69.3%. Less commonly the disease was reported at the neck. Almost all patients had adenocarcinoma as the histology with moderate grade of differentiation. 96.7% of pateints presented to us in the advanced stage. Stage IVB presentation was seen in 54.3% of patients. Majority of the patients had a direct and lymphatic mode of dissemination. Presence of gall stone was seen in 36.2% of patients. Pain was the most common presenting symptom followed by jaundice and obstruction. Conclusion: In our country, incidental GBC is fairly underreported due to no active screening program to detect patients with symptomatic gallstones undergoing routine cholecystectomy. These patients can be easily detected if there is a higher index of suspicion prior to, during as well as after surgery.   Keywords: Gall bladder cancer, Demography, Risk factors

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Abstract

Skin cancers are uncommon in India with less than 1% incidence and among all sites of occurrence, waist line as a site of occurrence is again uncommon. This could be mostly attributed to the attire among men and women in India. Saree and dhoti are still the traditional costumes among Indian women and men respectively. Wearing them tight around the waist leads to pigmentation, scarring and ulceration. Repeated trauma leads to subsequent malignant transformation. The usage of terms ‘saree cancer ‘ and ‘dhoti cancer’ is less commonly seen nowadays eventhough it was proposed long back in 1945 and has been unknown to many in the recent times with very few papers published in mainstream medical journals. Herein, we report a case series of 12 patients with waistline cancer who presented at our centre between January 2001 till December 2020.   Keywords: Dhoti cancer, Saree cancer, Uncommon

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Abstract

Prostrate cancer is predominantly known to be a cancer affecting elderly men with a median age of presentation being 68 years. So, most current guidelines suggest screening for prostrate cancer in men over 50 years. But, with changes in the environment and due to genetic factors prostrate cancer is nowadays being reported even in young men. However, patients with early onset prostrate cancer pose unique challenge as the clinical guidelines and prognosis of it in them is not well-defined. Here in we report a case of a 16-year-old boy who presented to us with lower urinary tract symptoms and was diagnosed to have advanced stage prostrate cancer. Keywords: Early Onset Prostrate Cancer, Screening, Young Men, Genetic Factors

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Abstract

Synovial sarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumour which mostly affects young adults and is mostly seen in extremities. Primary synovial sarcoma arising from the lung is rare, accounting for less than 0.5% of all lung carcinomas. Most commonly it arises from the lung followed by pleura and mediastinum. Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma is an extremely aggressive malignant tumour that can invade adjacent organs and give distant metastasis. Histologically it is of two main types – monophasic and biphasic. IHC is a must for diagnosis following clinical examination and imaging. Here we report a case of an elderly male with right lung mass lesion infiltrating the visceral and mediastinal pleura. PET – computerized tomography (CT) guided biopsy was s/o synovial sarcoma monophasic type which was further confirmed by IHC. The multimodality treated for this includes wide resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Synovial sarcoma is relatively chemosensitive though it is considered as a high grade tumour with a poor prognosis. Because of the advanced stage of the disease our patient was not a candidate for surgery and was taken up for chemotherapy. He had a survival of 6 months but had succumbed due to non – cancer related cause.   Keywords: Synovial sarcoma, Lung, Rare, Advanced, Aggressive, Immunohistochemistry

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