Munesh Kumar Sharma

Abstract

Background: Dermatophytosis disease was found most common disease worldwide which showed a wide prevalence in tropical country as India and it is a wide importance to know their disease etiology and their clinical presentation. Study objective approaches to determine the clinical variation in Dermatophytosis and the species of fungus isolates which responsible for the infection in this area. Materials and Methods: In our study 1520 specimens were taken from infected skin, hair and nail screened by 10%-20% KOH mount examination and used Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium and Sabouraud’s Dextrose Chloramphenicol and Cycloheximide (SCCA) & Dermatophyte Test Medium (DTM) for culture and incubated at 27°C. Further identification done by slide culture method and lactophenol cotton blue mount. Result: Out of 1520 samples taken, 981(64.54%) were found KOH mount positive for fungal elements and 1076 (70.79%) were found culture positive. (21.64%) was found predominantly among other isolated species. Study was found Tinea corporis (50.39%) as common clinically. Conclusion: The study was highlighted with Tinea corporis being the commonest infection type with variable fungal agents and out of other fungal isolates was found a most common isolate in various clinical conditions.   Keywords: Dermatophytosis, Trichophyton mentagrophyte, Tinea corporis, Fungal elements, KOH Positive, Lactophenol Cotton Blue, Sabrouraud’s Dextrose Agar.

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Abstract

Background: A significant proportion of nosocomial infections is contributed by the Pseudomonas sp. Major changes were observed from time to time in Pseudomonas sp. prevalence and multidrug-resistant (MDR) with enormous morbidity and mortality. The spread of antimicrobial resistance has now become a worldwide issue as a consequence of the haphazard use of antimicrobials. Place and duration: This study was done in the Amaltas Institute of Medical Sciences from February 2019 to December 2019. Materials and Methods: Pseudomonas sp. was isolated from different clinical samples like urine, sputum, pus, fluid, and catheter tip. Identification of Pseudomonas sp. was done by biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Data Analysis was done by percentage method. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs) production was detected by the combined disc diffusion test. Results: Sensitivity was seen in colistin and polymyxin B - 100%, meropenem - 86.58% and piperacillin -tazobactam - 82.92%. Resistance was seen in co-trimoxazole- 80.48%, cefixime- 82.92%, cefoperazone/sulbactam-59.75% and ciprofloxacin- 39.02%. The maximum number of MDR strains were isolated from the pus samples (n=18) as compared to other samples. The total number of ESBL producing strains was seen higher in the pus samples (n=15). The number of P. aeruginosa strains (n=57) was seen greater in number than other Pseudomonas sp. Conclusion: The present study is an attempt to regulate the use of antibiotics that are irrelevant and wasteful. It is also a public health concern to take adequate measures, maintain cleanliness and hygiene to reduce the spread of nosocomial infections. Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST), Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multiple drug resistance (MDR), Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)  

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