Reetika Menia

Abstract

Aims & Objectives: Study of the hematological and coagulation parameters in cytologically diagnosed cases of tuberculous lymphadenopathy. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study of 60 newly diagnosed cases of tuberculosis on cytology was done. Venous blood samples were collected in EDTA and Citrate vacutainers. XN 1000 fully automated hematology analyzer and Vesmatic were used for hematology parameters and ESR respectively. Stago analyzer was used for coagulation studies. Hematological and coagulation parameters were studied and were analyzed using t test with significance level of 5%. Results: 60 cases presenting with tuberculous lymphadenopathy on cytology were analyzed which showed a M: F of 1.2 :1. Anemia was noted equally in both sexes. ESR and WBC count was raised in 92% and 45% of cases respectively. Prothrombin Time was raised in 87% of cases while Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time was raised in 45% of cases. Platelet count was normal in 88% of cases. Lymphocytosis was noted in 85% of cases while 52% cases revealed neutrophilia. Smoking and literacy rate had positive correlation. Paired t test shows positive correlation between age and WBC count (p Discussion & Conclusion: Tuberculosis is a hypercoagulable state with alteration in the hematological profile. These simple blood tests with no additional cost can serve as guide to physicians in establishing the early diagnosis along with clinical findings and ancillary investigations. Such Pilot studies can be extended to larger populations and corporate setups to start early treatment and reduce the morbidity and mortality.   Keywords: Tuberculosis, Cytology, Anemia, Coagulation, Industrial Population

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Abstract

Oral cancer is amongst the three top cancers in India, accounting for more than 30% of all cancers reported in the country. It is also the leading cause of cancers in males in India. Faridabad district in Haryana is the 9th largest Industrial estate in Asia. Objective: To study the spectrum of oral cancers in the Industrial belt of Haryana, Faridabad. Materials and Methods: A descriptive analysis was conducted on biopsies of oral cancers at ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad. The hospital based cancer registry data for oral cancers have been presented over a period of 30 months (2016-19). This centre caters to patients working in factories, who are covered under ESI scheme and have monthly income of less than 21,000 INR. The data was collected based on patient record. Result: A total of 130 cases of oral cancers were studied and tongue was the commonest site (40.5%) with ulcero-proliferative growth. Male: female ratio was 5.5:1. The highest presentation was noted in the 4th decade (30.7%) with male predominance of 85%. Ulcer was the most common presentation in 57% (75/130). Moderately differentiated tumours were noted in 53% (70/130) of cases. Majority of the cases presented with history of smoking. Conclusion: This lower age of presentation of oral cancers with tongue as the commonest site and high incidence of tobacco smoking among patients who represent the lower middle socioeconomic strata of society and mostly are factory workers alarm us to focus on predisposing factors. Keywords: Oral cancer, Tongue, Smoking, Young, Industrial belt, India

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