Pragnya P Mishra

Abstract

Background: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third leading cancer in India. Pathologists play a crucial role in assessing stage, analyzing surgical margins and documenting the histopathologic prognostic parameters. Tumour budding is one such prognostic parameter, defined as single cells or small groups of tumour cells (up to 4 cell clusters) at the invasive front of the tumour. The aim of this study is to examine the association of tumour budding with other histopathological prognostic parameters in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Materials and Methods: The Hematoxylin & Eosin (H &E) stained slides of 52 histopathologically diagnosed CRC resection specimens were reviewed and tumour budding (BD) was assessed into four grades under 200x power. Other histopathological prognostic parameters like tumour size, site, grade, laterality, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, T and N stage were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test with Software SPSS version 23. Results: A higher BD score is seen to be more often associated with grade 3 tumour morphology, presence of perineural invasion, tumour size of 5cm or more and tumours located in the sigmoid colon or rectum. No association of tumour budding is seen with TIL’s or tumour of size < 5cm> Conclusion: Tumour budding is a practical and significant histological index for identification of high malignant potential and poor outcome in CRC patients with rectal or sigmoid colon location, size more than 5cm, perineural invasion and higher histological grade. Tumour budding may help identify patients who need a more intensive postoperative follow up and the possibility of adjuvant therapy.   Keywords: Colorectal carcinoma, Outcome, Prognosis, Tumour budding

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Abstract

Secretory breast carcinoma (SBC) is a rare histologic type of indolent carcinoma breast, accounting for   Keywords: Secretory breast carcinoma, Immunohistochemistry, EGFR

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Abstract

Teratomas are embryonal tumours that emerge when totipotent germ cells evade the primary organisers&#39; control over their growth and give rise to tumours that contain tissue from all three germ layers. They are cystic or solid, with mature or immature components. Histologically, teratomas are classified as mature (benign in 95% of cases) and immature with malignant transformation. They are rare tumours with a frequency of 1 in 10,000 births. Teratomas are located more often in the sacrococcygeal region, and in the ovary, the cervical localization represents 1.5% to 5% of all the localizations. They predominate among females. Mesodermal derivatives are relatively rare, and solitary organic development, especially of a mesodermal derivation in a random teratoma, is unique and crucial to distinguish for clinical reasons. Here, we present a 14-year-old female who presented with a submental swelling that, on histopathology, was diagnosed as a mature teratoma with hemopoietic tissue and bony trabeculae.   Keywords: Haematopoietic cells, Mature teratoma, Mesoderm derivatives

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