Sannidhi BJ

Abstract

Aim: To identify the prevalence of myopia and its risk factor among the school going children. Materials and Methods: Study sample included school going children between 5 and 16 years of age. We recorded degree of myopia by autorefractometer and streak retinoscopy after mydriasis, and students with refractive error of ?-0.5 D for at least one eye were considered as myopic. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed. Results: A total of 764 children were considered for the study. Prevalence of childhood myopia in hospital based study was 16.5 % with male to female ratio 53:47. Headache was most common complain for hospital visit. Most common age group affected was 7-12 and 13-16 years. In 18.53% of patients family history was present. Conclusion: Due to high magnitude of uncorrected myopia, it appears to be a public health problem both in urban areas, which suggest that an increase in outdoor activity may help to reduce the magnitude of the problem.   Keywords: Myopia, Myopia, School going children, Refractive error

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Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to know the prevalence of dry eyes in patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus having meibomian gland dysfunction. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in patients visiting tertiary care hospital. This study included a total of 200 patients presenting with ocular discomfort, with history of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. The patients were assessed for Meibomian gland dysfunction by noting the symptoms under slit lamp examination. Dry eyes were suspected on the basis of history including ocular discomfort, redness, blurred vision, gritty eyes and other sensation that improved with blinking. The examination for the dry eye was done using schirmer’s test and tear break up time. Results: A total of 130 out of 200 enrolled patients had meibomian gland dysfunction. The most common symptom being dryness(55%), foreign body sensation(30%), redness(10%), gritty sensation(5%). Conclusion: The above study shows that the incidence of dry eyes is more in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus having Meibomian gland dysfunction. Meibomian glands are important contributors for maintenance of healthy ocular surface. Meibomian gland dysfunction can cause qualitative and quantitative alteration in meibum with negative impact on the ocular surface. Keywords: Dry eye, Meibomian gland dysfunction.

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