Rary P Mony

Abstract

Background: The classification of neuroendocrine neoplasms has evolved substantially over time but remains a topic of controversy and debate. Cytology has become one of the mainstays of diagnosis for these tumors, and the treatment may be entirely based on the FNA report. Aims, Settings and Design : This is a retrospective study which aims to describe the cytological features found in different groups of Neuroendocrine neoplasms. We have also tried to enumerate the not so typical features which we have seen in our cases. Materials and Methods: Cases of Neuroendocrine neoplasms diagnosed by cytology in the year 2018 were included in this study. The slides of these cases were retrieved, cytological features reviewed, and clinicopathological features evaluated. Histopathological correlation was done wherever possible. Results: In this retrospective study, there were 43 cases which included FNA (n=38), Fluid cytology(n=3), Bronchial washings and Brushings(n=2). FNA sites included lung, cervical lymph nodes, scalp, liver, pancreas, and mesentery with the cytological diagnoses of Small cell carcinoma (n=22) Neuroendocrine tumor (n=7), Large cell Neuroendocrine carcinoma (n=3) and Poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine features (n=11). Features that are of help include scanty cytoplasm, fine or coarse granular chromatin, nuclear moulding and streaking, cells adhering to vessels, inconspicuous nucleoli, nuclear debris in small cell carcinomas; larger cell size, a moderate amount of cytoplasm, coarse granular chromatin in large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas; uniformity of cell size, round to plasmacytoid cells with stippled chromatin and rosette formation in carcinoid tumors. Conclusion: The identification of neuroendocrine morphology in cytology specimens is crucial as this would be the initial step towards using the appropriate markers for confirmation, which in turn has got therapeutic and prognostic significance.   Keywords: Cytology, Neuroendocrine, Carcinoid.

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Abstract

Introduction: Cancers of the kidney amount to 2% of total human cancer burden, with approximately 1,90,000 new cases diagnosed each year. Prognostic markers for RCC, such as tumor stage, grade, necrosis or microvascular invasion are important in determining appropriate follow up and selecting patients for adjuvant therapy. Aim: Aim of the study is to analyze the clinical and histopathological variables in Renal Cell Carcinoma and establish possible correlations between them, if any. The study also highlights a rare case of mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma of the kidney. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 52 cases of Renal Cell tumors diagnosed, during period of 2 years (2015-2016) Results: Clear cell, Papillary, Chromophobe Carcinomas and Oncocytomas accounted for 78.85%, 7.69%, 1.92% and 7.69% of all cases, respectively. Conclusion: Clear cell Carcinoma was the most common histological type, followed by Papillary Carcinoma. Majority of Clear cell Carcinomas were grade 2 with most common stage being PT1b. Tumour necrosis was common in Papillary Carcinomas. We had one case of Mucinous Tubular and Spindle cell Carcinoma which is a rare variant. Keywords:  Histomorphology, Renal cell carcinomas.

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Abstract

Catscratch disease[CSD] is a self limited lymphadenitis caused by Bartonella Henselae and transmitted by cats. This typically affects children and young adults. Immunosuppression is considered as a risk factor for severe and atypical forms of the disease. We are reporting such a case of Catscratch disease in a patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus while receiving immunosupressant therapy.   Keywords: Catscratch, Disease, SLE

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