Banushree Chandrasekhar Srinivasamurthy

Background: Strumaovarii, monodermal ovarian teratoma with incidence of 0.3%. Complications of struma ovarii includes torsion, rupture, infection and malignant transformation. Case: We present you a unusual case of struma ovarii undergoing torsion without any clinical features of thyrotoxicosis in a 45year old postmenopausal women presented with lower abdominal pain and vomiting. Imaging study showed Right ovarian cyst and her thyroid function test, tumor markers(Ca-125, Ca 19-9) are within normal limits. It was histopathologically proven as Torsion struma ovarii. Results: A solid cystic ovarian tumour diagnosed as Struma ovarii undergoing torsion as a complication. Conclusion: Even though struma ovarii is a rare ovarian tumor, we should keep in mind the complications which can happen with this type of tumor including the malignant transformations.   Keywords: Right ovarian cyst, Struma ovarii

Background: Malignant Brenner tumor (MBT) is a rare epithelial ovarian tumor that has been not well documented in the literature. Clinical features, serum markers, and imaging studies are non-specific for the diagnosis. Case Report: We report a case of a 76year old female who presented with complaints of bleeding per vaginum and underwent laparotomy. After an extensive sampling of the specimen, histopathological examination revealed features of malignant Brenner tumor. To support the histological diagnosis immunohistochemical markers were done. Result: The non-specific findings on ultrasonography were resolved with histopathological and immunohistochemical markers. Conclusion: MBT is a rare tumor with no specific clinical or imaging findings. The application of histopathological criteria and immunohistochemistry aids in definitive diagnosis. Keywords: Malignant brenner, Transitional epithelium, p63.

Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is an inflammatory reactive hyperplasia of gingiva. It occurs frequently in anterior maxilla with a higher predilection for females. It presents as sessile mucosal nodule and more common in second decade of life. It has been suggested as a separate clinical entity rather than a transitional form of pyogenic granuloma. Diagnosis is often challenging as the clinical presentation of POF mimicks other reactive lesions of gingiva. Due to its high recurrence rate of 8.9% to 20%, prompt diagnosis is important. Here, we report a case of 15 year old girl with pedunculated lesion in gingival and clinically diagnosed as traumatic fibroma. Keywords: Ossifying fibroma, Gingiva, Calcification.

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) babies are more common in developing countries like India. The placenta is an organ which connects fetus to mother during intrauterine life. Any change in the mother reflects on placenta and thus on the fetus. Materials and Methods: In this study placenta from LBW were evaluated. We included 50 fresh placentae. Gross examination including weight, shape, thickness, feto-placental ratio was calculated. Later, histo-morphological study of all placentae was done. The extent of placental lesions which can influence the birth weight of the baby or adverse fetal outcome were correlated. Results: Out of 50 placentae studied, there was significant reduction in placental weight and dimension. Irregular shape of placenta was seen in 13 cases and most of the plscenta (27 cases) showed paracentral insertion of umbilical cord. On gross, infarction [56%], subchorionic fibrin [64%], intervillous fibrin [52%] were noted. On microscopy, cytotophoblast hyperplasia [52%], stomal fibrosis [48%], fibrinoid necrosis [100%], synnctial knots [32-68%], hypovascular villi [44%] were noted. Conclusion: All major gross and microscopic changes in the low birth weight placentas pointed towards reduced blood flow to the placenta resulting in chronic placental insufficiency. The severity of placental abnormalities expressed as cumulative number of placental lesions is a significant risk factor for LBW babies. Morphological examination of the placenta conducted in the present study proved to be a useful adjunct to the clinical examination in finding the pathogenetic mechanisms during pregnancy resulting in LBW babies and can be helpful in the planning and management of future pregnancies. Keywords: Placental examination, Low birth weight babies, Pregnancy, Feto-placental ratio.

Midline destructive lesions (MDLs) are a diagnostic challenge due to an extensive differential diagnosis and vague presenting signs and symptoms. It may be due to neoplastic, autoimmune, traumatic, infectious, or unknown. The lethal lesions are characterized by ulcerative destruction of midline structures of the face like the nose, paranasal sinus and palate. A spectrum of diseases with myriad clinicopathological features can present as midline destructive lesions. Immunohistochemistry has played a major role in discerning the wide range of diseases into specific categories over the years.   Keywords: Midline lesions, Neoplasm, Immunohistochemistry.