Therapeutic evaluation of local drug delivery system containing 1.5% chlorhexidine used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing for the treatment of chronic periodontitis - A clinical and microbiologcal study

Authors : Randhir Kumar, Geeta Sharma

DOI : 10.18231/j.ijpi.2019.022

Volume : 4

Issue : 3

Year : 2019

Page No : 103-106

Periodontitis has a multifactorial etiology with primary etiologic agents being pathogenic bacteria that reside in the subgingival area. Local delivery devices are systems designed to deliver agents locally into periodontal pocket to retain therapeutic levels for a prolonged period of time.
Review of Literature: Goodson et al (1979)¹ introduced the use of tetracycline as a local drug delivery component in the treatment of periodontal diseases. W.A. Soskolne, P.A. Heasman, and H.N. Newman (1997)⁵ conducted a multicenter study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a degradable, subgingivally placed drug delivery system containing 2.5 mg Chlorhexidine were evaluated in a randomized, blinded, multi-center study.
Aims and Objective: The aims of the present study is to compare the effect of experimental local drug delivery system containing 1.5% chlorhexidine (chlorhexidine digluconate 0.5% and chlorhexidine dihydrochloride1%) with scaling and root planing and scaling and root planing alone by assessing the effect on: Plaque, Gingival Inflammation, Bleeding on probing, Pocket depth, Relative attachment levels, Percentage of spirochetes, motile rods and coccoid cells.
Materials and Methods: A total of 30 subjects comprising of both the sematerxes and diagnosed as suffering from chronic localized or generalized periodontitis.
Recording of Clinical and Microbiological Parameters: Plaque index, gingival index, Pocket depth measurement using William's graduated probe using acrylic stent.
Microbiological study of collected plaque sample for coccoids, rods and spirochetes under dark field microscopy. The above clinical and microbiological parameters were recorded on: 0 day, 30^th day, 45^th day.
Statistical Analysis: Post treatment changes from baseline to different time intervals in various clinical parameters were analyzed by paired t-test (Intragroup). Intergroup comparisons of post-treatment changes were analyzed by unpaired t-test. p-value <0>
Results and Discussion: At the selected sites clinical and microbiological parameters were recorded at base line, 30^th day and 45^th day, as per the study design. The experimental material along with scaling and root planing is found to be more effective than scaling and root planing alone when evaluated clinically and microbiologically. This effect may be due to antimicrobial and anti-plaque property of the experimental material.

Keywords: Periodontitis, Local drug delivery system, Chlorhexidine scaling.

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