Authors : Ansar Ahmad Paray, Abid Hussain, Mohammad Hazim, Nadeem Ahmad Paray, Shoaib Rashid lone
DOI : 10.52403/ijrr.20250818
Volume : 12
Issue : 8
Year : 2025
Page No : 153-164
Creatine monohydrate is the most researched as well as one of the widely used dietary supplements when it comes to the nutrition and fitness. It occurs naturally and is stored primarily in skeletal muscles. It plays an important role in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) regeneration, which is the basic energy provider at the time of high-intensity as well as short-duration activities. Supplementation with creatine monohydrate has consistently demonstrated benefits such as increased muscle mass, improved power output, enhanced recovery. Despite its well-documented safety profile and efficacy, it still remains surrounded by misconceptions, including concerns about kidney damage, dehydration, and cramping which shows lack of scientific and evidence-based knowledge in the society. Creatine which was once common among and limited to professional athletes has now spread to college athletes and weightlifters, Fitness enthusiasts, adult population and beyond. We reviewed the current scientific literature, to provide an accessible yet comprehensive overview of creatine monohydrate, highlighting its value not only as a performance-enhancing aid but also as a safe and effective supplement for general health. Understanding both the established benefits and the misconceptions surrounding creatine is essential not only for athletes, fitness enthusiast s but also for general public. This review article explores the fundamental aspects of creatine monohydrate, including its biochemical role, mechanisms of action, and practical applications in enhancing athletic performance, strength, and recovery, its dosage, timing and misconcepts. This review also addresses common myths and clarifies the evidence-based understanding of creatine usage, including optimal dosing strategies such as loading phases, maintenance protocols, and timing considerations. Keywords: Creatine monohydrate, Weightlifting, Muscle mass, Ergogenic aids, Brain health.