Karthik D Yadav

Masseter muscle hypertrophy can be defined as a rare, asymptomatic, atypical amplification of the masseter muscle, moreover in a unilateral or bilateral pattern which is manifested in the form of an intensified muscle mass. The treatment of the hypertrophy may or may not be of importance and just removal/correction of the etiological trigger factor responsible for it. Appropriate diagnosis and management of the disease process should be the part of the teaching curriculum and should be taught as the basic part of the diagnosis. Herein, we are reporting a case report of a patient who was diagnosed with masseter muscle hypertrophy. Keywords: Masseter, Hypertrophy, Function, Pathology, Blood, Muscle

Treating a patient with tooth pain is a multi-factorial process with many factors playing their role to warrant the success of the treatment procedure. One such important factor is to secure the root apex which is important for ensuring good prognosis in endodontics. Also in challenging situations like sealing a fractured root, resorbed apex, or an incompletely formed apex, the need of an intact root apex is much anticipated. Over the years, an array of novel products has been produced for root-end applications to achieve such a favorable condition. The objective of this review is to list and summarize such root-end materials. However, their merits, and claims of superiority over MTA, have to be ascertained via sustained research. Keywords: Apical seal, Bioactive, Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Novel root­end materials, Root canal, Regeneration

In the modern era, inclination towards a more conservative approach is being advocated and this has become possible through various innovative machinery and techniques. A conservative tooth preparation helps in retaining more of a tooth structure which would determine the prognosis of the treatment and the fate of the tooth in the long run. Even though we have a high focus on the conservative approach, we should keep in mind that there is always a chance of errors which is caused due to inadequate access to the canals. It is ultimately the clinicians call to decide between the benefit to the risk ratio and also its feasibility, all of which should result in good prognosis as well as a fruitful qualitative treatment outcome for the patient.   Keywords : Conservation,Endodontics,CBCT,Prognosis,Clinician,Treatment,

Esthetics play a huge impact on an individual as it has a direct effect on the personality of the person. Facial profile is most commonly affected by eyes, nose, teeth, lips and the skin texture. Basic metal braces have been substituted with ceramic braces and lingual orthodontics. Clear aligners also known as invisible aligners are termed so as they are clear, non-opaque and esthetically acceptable by the patient. Keywords: Invisible aligners, Braces, Esthetics, Orthodontics, Clear aligners.

Ultrasonography, Nuclear medicine, Computed tomography, Cone beam computed tomography, Magnetic resonance tomography have been the new-fangled diagnostic modalities in medical as well as the dental diagnostic protocols. The high rate of specificity and sensitivity of ultrasonography for salivary glands has made it the preferred choice of diagnostic modality for the diagnosis of the salivary disease process. Keywords: Ultrasonography, Hypoechoic, Isoechoic, Hyperechoic, Neoplasm, Duct, Glands.

Imaging has contributed in diagnosis as well as to understand the temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint may be caused either by the osseous components or the soft tissue components of the joint and sometimes, both. The most commonly followed arthrographic techniques are either single contrast or the double contrast arthrography. They are useful in delineating the articular space, detection of perforations in articular disc and other internal derangements. Arthrography is a well-known procedure being tagged as the "gold standard" in the detection of internal derangements of the TMJ, even though advanced imaging modalities like MRI have been made available. Keywords: TMJ, Diagnosis.