Rana Mondal

Abstract

Background: Accessory cavitated uterine malformations, or mass (ACUM) is a Mullerian anomaly which increasingly recognized as a cause of severe dysmenorrhoea and pelvic pain. Objective: To know what ACUMs are and recognize their clinical presentation, able to diagnose an ACUM using ultrasound or MRI; and counsel patients with ACUMs on the different management options, including conservative, medical, and surgery. Conclusion and Wider Implication: ACUMs are less rare than previously believed; hence ACUM diagnosis is essential in clinically suspicious cases via ultrasound and MRI, and intra-operative assessment of uterine morphology and laparoscopic surgical excision is the definitive treatment for ACUM. Keywords: Accessory cavitated uterine malformations, Dysmenorrhoea, Mullerian anomaly, Dyspareunia

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Abstract

Loss of normal ovarian function before the age of 40 characterizes primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), sometimes called premature ovarian failure or early menopause. Many women all around the globe deal with this serious reproductive health issue. The purpose of this study is to provide a broad perspective on how to identify and treat primary ovarian insufficiency. Symptoms, hormone profiles, and ovarian imaging help diagnose POI. Genetics, autoimmune illness, and medical intervention may cause it. After a proper diagnosis, affected women might get counselling and therapy.This review article covers primary ovarian insufficiency diagnosis and treatment. Affected women should be diagnosed early, counselled, and treated individually. Understanding POI and developing better drugs may improve these people's reproductive and general health.   Keywords: Primary ovarian failure, Ovarian function, Ovarian biopsy.

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