Vishrabdha Rahul Pawar

Abstract

Aim & Objectives: To study the MRM specimens for size, grade of the tumor, LVI and LN metastases and the ER/PR receptors of the tumor. To study the association of ER/PR status with the above mentioned prognostic parameters. Materials and Methods: This three-year study includes 72 histopathologically confirmed cases of carcinoma breast. The tumor type, grade, LNM, LVE were reported on H & E. The ER-PR study was done of all 72 cases. The tumor size, grade, LNM, LVE were correlated with receptor status. Observation: Out of 72 cases majority (53%) of cases were in 41-50 years of age group, and tumor size was between 2-4 cm in (54.16%) cases; majority were of grade II carcinoma (60%) of which 59% were ER-PR positive. Out of 46 cases with negative LNM and LVE, 30 cases (65%) were ER-PR positive. Conclusion: In our observation there is no association between higher histological grade and ER-PR status. No obvious correlation with tumor size was noted. But increase in tumor size could also be a poor predictor of ER-PR status. LNM, LVE is poor predictor of ER-PR status.   Keywords: Breast carcinoma, Estrogen and progesterone receptor.

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Abstract

Infertility is defined as the inability of a sexually active, non-contracepting couple to achieve pregnancy in one year. In a developing country, like ours, where most societies are organized, the inability to bear children is a tragedy for the families and the conflux of personal, social and religious expectations brings a sense of failure, exclusion and loss who are infertile. So it becomes important to know about various risk factors associated with infertility, as awareness of male infertility is low in India. Aim: To study sperm characteristics in tobacco users and non users undergoing infertility evaluation in a tertiary care hospital.  Settings and Design: It was a cross sectional study, done for one and a half years from January 2016-December 2017 in a tertiary hospital. Methods and Material: After taking consent and detailed history, semen analysis according to WHO guidelines were done. Male patients who came for semen analysis for evaluation of their infertility were included. Amongst these semen parameters of tobacco users were compared with nonusers. Statistical analysis used: The data was analyzed using SPSS-22 Results: We observed 102 cases for semen analysis, amongst them 46% samples were tobacco users and 54% samples were non-tobacco users. An increase in grade of tobacco usage was associated with a decrease in normal sperm parameters. Conclusions: Fertility counsellors, clinicians need to be more focused to control male infertility by spreading the awareness of this addiction to enhance fertility potential. Key Messages: We advice men to stop tobacco usage to improve fertility and their quality of life. Keywords: Infertile men, Semen, Smoking, Tobacco Chewing.

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Abstract

Background: Prostate is an important organ of male reproductive system which surrounds the urethra. Most frequently encountered diseases affecting prostate are the inflammatory lesions, Benign prostatic hyperplasia and Prostatic cancer. Our objective of study was to study various histopathological patterns of prostatic lesions Materials and Methods: It was an observational study conducted in Pathology Department of Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University Medical College and Hospital, Sangli in the period of December 2016- June 2018. The specimens that we received were of transurethral resection of prostatic (TURP) chips, simple prostatectomy specimens and radical prostatectomy. A questionnaire was to get the necessary details of the patient. Microsoft Word and Excel were used to generate graphs and tables. Results were presented as number and percentage for qualitative data. Results: The present study included 149 prostatic specimens. Total 4394 specimens received in the histopathology section 3.39 % were the prostatic specimens. TURP was done in 144 cases, needle biopsy was done in 3 cases and total prostatectomy was done in 2 cases. Conclusion: Histopathological study of the prostatic lesions plays an important role in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the patient. Early diagnosis and treatment help to reduce mortality and morbidity due to prostatic lesions. Along with the screening protocols, immunohistochemistry and molecular genetic analysis should be done and awareness programs should to be carried out. Keywords: Prostate, Transurethral resection of prostate, Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Prostatitis, Carcinoma prostate, Modified Gleason scoring system.

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