Nirmala Poddar

Abstract

Background: During this lockdown period, medical teachers conduct online classes using various Apps. The department of Microbiology wants to know the understanding of Microbiology from MBBS, BDS and nursing students. Also, the satisfaction and problem faced by faculty of Microbiology department. This is a questionnaire-based study. It was validated, and a pilot was conducted for modifications. The questionnaire was prepared in Google Forms. Three different questionnaires were prepared, two for students perception regarding online class and online assessment and the third one for the perception of faculty about online class and assessment. The opinions given were analysed, and feedback points were noted. The percentage level of satisfaction and usefulness was calculated with a 95% confidence interval. Result: 75% of faculties agree that it is helpful to students. Most of the time, students attendance was more than offline classroom teaching. Students and faculty were comfortable with the Google form used for assessment & preferred MCQ & SAQ. All faculty & students face network connectivity errors during class and assessment. Response of BDS and nursing students were better than MBBS students. Online assessment can be done one week after the online class. Conclusions: The students (MBBS, BDS & Nursing) and faculty of the Microbiology department perceived moderate satisfaction and usefulness with the ongoing online classes and assessment during this crisis period. MBBS students & faculty expressed the desire to resume regular physical classes, especially for practicals and clinics. Problems faced by teachers and students addressed to Institutional authority to improve the online teaching-learning programme.   Keywords: Pandemic period, Online class, Online assessment, MBBS, BDS, Nursing

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Abstract

Introduction: Among nosocomial infections catheter associated urinary infection (CA-UTI) is one of the most common infection. Uro- pathogens isolated from CAUTI were more multi-drug resistant than from community acquired urinary tract infection (UTI). Aim of the study: To isolate micro-organisms responsible for CA-UTI in ICUs, to find out antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates and to know the Impact of CAUTI care bundle on reducing CAUTI rate. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from September 2017 to August 2018, urine samples were collected from 300 catheerised patients which were processed microbiologically and antimicrobial sensitivity test was performed. Results: Out of 300 catheterised paients , 76 patients developed CAUTI. So the incidence rate of CAUTI is 21.7%. A sum total of 38,067 catheter days were obtained in the study period from the month of September 2017 to August 2018. CAUTI rate was found to be 1.9 per 1000 catheter days over a period of 1 year Out of 76 total isolates 56 were Gram negative and 20 were Gram positive bacteria. Gram negative bacteria included Escherichia coli 19(25%), followed by Klebsiella 14(19%), Proteus8 (11%) Pseudomomas 6(8%), Acinetobacter 4(8%). Among gram positive Enterococcus species is 17(22%) followed by staphylococcus spp.03 (4%). Enterobacteriaceae showed high resistant to commonly used antimicrobials like Gentamycin, Ceftriaxone, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin but were highly sensitive to Amikacin, ceftazidime, pipercillin Tazobactum, Imepenem, Meropenem. Enterococcus and staphylococcus were sensitive to Tigecyclin , Vancomycin, Teicoplanin and linezolid. Conclusion: The most common organism responsible for CAUTI is Escherichia coli followed by Klebsiella spp. and Enerococcus spp. Members of enterobacteriaceae are highly sensitive to Amikacin, ceftazidime, pipercillin Tazobactum, Imepenem, Meropenem. Enterococcus and staphylococcus are sensitive to Tigecyclin, Vancomycin, Teicoplanin and linezolid. Strict insertion and maintainance CAUTI care bundle reduces CAUTI rate. Prevention of infections attributable to these devices should be an important goal of health-care infection prevention Keywords: CAUTI, Nosocomial, Uro pathogens.

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