Syed Ahmed Raheel

Abstract

Oligodontia, a developmental dental anomaly, characterized by the congenital absence of more than six permanent teeth except the third molarsleading to functional, aesthetic,and psychological problems, when the anterior region is involved.This case report describes a multidisciplinary treatment approach of a 21 year old female patient with missing 6 permanent teeth. Microdontia with respect to mandibular canine was observed and retained deciduous mandibular canine was seen on intraoral examination. The first phase of treatment wasextraction of maxillary central incisors followed by alveoloplasty. The second phase of treatment included intentional pulp space therapy followed by prosthetic restoration of the missing teeth with fixed partial denture as a quick solution for the patients who reject more time-consuming procedure.   Keywords: Oligodontia, Alveoloplasty, Fixed partial denture, Extraction

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Abstract

Saliva is considered as a intricate oral fluid that keeps the oral cavity hydrated and immune from foreign components. The incidence of dental caries depends on the quantity of saliva secretion. The presence of glucose in excess and reduced salivary concentration has been noted in  Type I diabetes Mellitus  (T1DM) patients, thereby indicating an increased prospect of dental caries associated with T1DM patients. Aims and Objectives: The study is intended to assess the connection between prevalence of dental caries and the components of saliva like, salivary flow rate, buffer capacity, pH, streptococcus mutans count, salivary glucose level, salivary ?-amylase in T1DM children with age groups between 08-16years. The comparison was done with age and gender to controls involved in the study. Materials and Methods: A case controlled study was designed incorporating 8-16 year old group of children with T1DM and controls were group same age and sex. Salivary flow rate, pH, DMFS Scores, buffering capacity, salivary glucose level, salivary ?-amylase and streptococcus mutans count were analysed for all the subject groups. Salivary factors were compared by using Unpaired ‘t’ test, whereas chi square test was used to analyse salivary buffering capacity. The association between salivary components and caries prevention between T1DM subjects and non T1DM subjects was done by Pearson correlation test. Results: The study results showed DMFS scores in permanent dentition, indicated for extraction and filled teeth surfaces affected by caries in primary dentition (DMFS) score in T1DM were 2.610 and non T1DM was 2.6 respectively. The mean of salivary flow rate in T1DM was 0.261ml/min and non T1DM was 0.661ml/min, thus it was lesser in T1DM patients. The T1DM salivary pH showed an average of 6.51 which was lower in comparison with 7.31 in non T1DM patients. The mean salivary glucose level was found to be 2.310mg/dl in T1DM and 0.721 in non T1DM patients, therefore indication a higher salivary glucose levels in T1DM patients. The mean salivary ?-amylase levels were found to be lower in T1DM patients, as it showed 120U/ml in T1DM and 148U/ml in non T1DM patients. The mean of streptococcus mutans count showed no difference between the groups, thereby T1DM patients showing 2.71X105 CFU/ml and non T1DM showing 2.91X105 CFU/ml respectively. Conclusion: The study found a statistical significance between salivary flow rate, pH, buffering capacity and ?-amylase levels lower in T1DM patients but salivary glucose levels were higher than compared to non T1DM patients. The T1DM patients salivary buffering capacity had a significant association with dental caries. Increased attribution to dental caries associated with salivary components was noted in T1DM cases than non T1DM control group. Keywords: Saliva, Diabetes, Children.

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Abstract

Lithium-disilicate glass-ceramic (LDGC) material was introduced in the year 2000; it improved the strength of single and multiple-unit restorations. The inherent brittleness and limited flexural strength of the available glass-ceramic material were the major drawbacks of these restorations. Adequate adhesion between ceramic and tooth substructure was vital for the successful functioning of ceramic restoration. Limited information is available about the currently available luting systems. Aims and objectives: The present in-vitro study was designed to compare and evaluate the shear bond strength of three different resin based luting cements to lithium disilicate glass ceramic. The study was conducted to evaluate the shear bond strength of different resin based luting cements to lithium disilicate glass ceramic. Methods and Methodology: Thirty lithium disilicate glass ceramic disks were fabricated and were surface treated. The ceramic specimen were divided into three groups that received three different luting cements (Group 1: RelyX Ultimate Clicker, Group 2: Fusion Self Lute and Group 3: ParaCore). The shear bond strength of adhesive resin cement to the ceramic substrate was then measured with a Universal testing machine (Multitest 10-I, Mecmesin). Following de-bonding, all fractured interfaces were visually analysed from the Scanning electron microscope photomicrographs to determine the mode of fracture. Results: The study results demonstrated that there was no statistical significant difference between RelyX and Fusion Self Lute while there was statistically significant difference between RelyX and ParaCore (p=0.019, p Conclusion: the study concluded that the resin cements containing filler particles show higher bond strength values when compared to resin cements with no filler particles and bonds which fail by cohesion exhibit high-strength performance. Keywords: luting, Ceramic, High- strength.

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