Authors : Pankaj Salvi, Shalini Singh
DOI : 10.18231/2394-2754.2019.0017
Volume : 6
Issue : 1
Year : 2019
Page No : 78-82
Introduction: Congenital fetal anomalies are one of the most threatening complications which are prevalent in the society associated with severe morbidity and mortality in the newborn foetus. Congenital anomalies account for 8% to 15% of perinatal deaths and 13% to 16% of neonatal deaths in India. The etiology of congenital abnormality may be genetic or environmental.
Aim and Objective: The present study was carried out with the aim to determine the overall incidence and outcome of congenital structural malformations in delivered patients, to identify the most common structural anomaly and study the socio-demographic correlates with structural anomalies and compared them to previous studies.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on all obstetrics patients with concent who have delivered with fetal congenital malformations in Medical College Pune, Maharashtra over a period of 2 year satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The questionnaire was prepared included the information regarding mothers age, gender birthweight, religion and socioeconomic, past and personal history was included. Data management and analysis was done using Epi-info software. The frequency distribution and graph was prepared. The categorical variables was assessed using Pearson chi-square.
Results: It was observed that the overall incidence of structural malformed foetus delivered came out to be 1.2%. Low Birth weight, Low socio economic status and female gender of child are commonly involved in congenital structural malformations. There was no significant association observed between system involved with gender of child, gestational age or history of abortion. The most common anomaly found is related to GIT followed by the Genitourinary.
Conclusion: We conclude that gastrointestinal, genitor-urinary, cardiovascular and nervous systems are commonly involved in congenital structural malformations. Among the gastro-intestinal system congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and Anorectal malformations are the commonest ones. However Low Birth weight, Lower socio economic status and female gender of child are commonly involved in congenital structural malformations.
Keywords: Congenital, Abnormalities, Structural malformations, New born, Low birth weight.