Dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2dm): Pathophysiology, pattern and management

Authors : Dhanya A V, Dhanya A V, Sanjiv Karale, Sanjiv Karale, Priya Varkey, Priya Varkey, Amruthakrishna Anil, Amruthakrishna Anil, Abhijith K, Abhijith K

DOI : 10.18231/j.ijcaap.2019.008

Volume : 4

Issue : 2

Year : 2019

Page No : 34-38

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T₂DM) is related with severe cardiovascular morbidity and mortality throughout the worldwide. Dyslipidemia, high blood glucose level, and coronary artery diseases are well linked with each other in T₂DM and it has been demonstrated that higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in T₂DM is due to chronic uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Dyslipidemia, which affects almost 50% of patients with T₂DM, is a cardiovascular risk factor and characteristic features of dyslipidemic diabetes are elevated plasma triglyceride level, decline in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) level, and raised level of small dense low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. An adequate availability of many lipid-lowering agents and nutritional supplements provides novel and effective treatments in control of lipid levels in diabetes patients. Several hypolipidemics, such as statins, fibric acid derivatives, niacin, and bile acid sequestrants, are available to target normalization of the entire lipid profile in T₂DM patients. This review highlights the prevalence, underlying pathogenesis, patterns and various management approaches of dyslipidemia in patients with T₂DM.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular disease, statins, Triglycerides.

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