Authors : Syed Asghar Rizvi, Abdul Waris, SM Ali, N Faizi, Pragya Ahuja
DOI : 10.18231/j.pjms.2022.095
Volume : 12
Issue : 3
Year : 2022
Page No : 501-507
Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of ROP and identify risk factors and co-morbidities associated with it.
Materiala and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed, enrolling all premature babies admitted to the NICU of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, A.M.U., Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh over 18 months. Various risk factors and co-morbidities for ROP were assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results: Out of the studied 164 infants, 29 infants (17.68%) developed ROP in one or both eyes; 51.72% (15/29) had stage 1, 31.03% (9/29) had stage 2, 10.35 % (3/29) had stage 3, and 6.90% (2/29) babies had aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (APROP). On univariate analysis, we observed a significant association between ROP and gestational age, low birth weight, multiple gestations, mechanical ventilation, history and duration of oxygen supplementation, history of blood transfusion, respiratory distress syndrome, apnea and sepsis. However, after multivariate analysis, only low birth weight, oxygen therapy, respiratory distress syndrome and apnea were found to have a significant association with ROP.
Conclusion: A prevalence of 17.68% emphasises the importance of neonatal screening in this region. Low birth weight, oxygen therapy, apnea, respiratory distress syndrome pose significant risk factors for ROP. Supplemental oxygen should be weaned off as early as possible,
Keywords: Prematurity, Oxygen supplementation, Apnea, Respiratory distress syndrome, Risk factors, retinopathy of prematurity, Comorbidities