Authors : V Rama Raju, V Rama Raju
DOI : 10.18231/j.ijn.2022.012
Volume : 8
Issue : 1
Year : 2022
Page No : 64-68
Parkinson`s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative brain disease with distinctive molecular, functional and structural features causing tremors, particularly in the old-age (>=60) and very rarely occur in adults and in children’s too due to the damage of the substantia nigra of central nervous system (CNS) and is differentiated by the convolution of cardinal motor symptoms (tremor, Bradykinesia/akinesia (slowness of movement, i.e., absence, delay in initiation), rigidity followed by the postural-instability. In addition these motor symptoms, cognitive motor and axial symptoms, such as cognitive impairment, cognitive dementia, hallucinations, shaking the whole body and changes in the speech like slurred speech, etc., and also affect the Parkinson`s malady due to the L-dopa (levodopa acts like a pre cursor to the dopamine, a panacea which reduces the symptoms but there are dyskinesia`s, i.e., side effects to the patients). By the clinical/prognostic diagnosis followed by the advantages of stimulations with the deep-brain-stimulators (DBS) in subthalamic-nucleus (i.e.,S.T.N, or s-nucleus) that have been established. But then, exactly in what way, by what means, in what manner, how exactly the mechanisms of DBS progression of motor-symptoms mainly reducing the tremors and motor fluctuations and then restoring and thereby increasing the motor functioning have not been fully elucidated. We implanted the DBS microelectrodes (DBS-innocuous-microelectrode stimulations), and also lead macroelectrodes (DBS-innocuous-lead macrostimulations) and find that the micro electrode recording (M.E.R) method provides validation of precise setting of innocuous micro electrode and guarantees exact exposure to the S.T.N neurons and confines and establishes its exact co-ordinates in a new empirical way.
Keywords: Correlation, Mean, variance, Deep brain stimulations, Micro electrodes, Micro electrode recording, Parkinson disease, Sub thalamic nucleus