Authors : Ravikant Sankhala, Bhupesh Jain*
DOI : 10.18231/j.ijmpo.2023.004
Volume : 9
Issue : 1
Year : 2023
Page No : 19-23
Background: Seizure is defined as abnormal paroxysmal neuronal discharge, which is clinically manifested by motor, sensory, autonomic or behavioral disturbances. Seizures are common in pediatrics age group and occur in 10% of children. Less than 1/3of seizures in children are caused by epilepsy. The objective of the study was to determine the clinical and etiological profile of new onset unprovoked seizure in children aged between 2 month to 18 years.
Materials and Methods: A hospital based prospective single centre study at RNT Medical College, Udaipur. 111 patients admitted in Balchikitsalya with new onset unprovoked seizures during one year.
Results: Out of 111 patients with new onset unprovoked seizures, majority of patients were between 1-5 years of age with male predominance. In which most common diagnosis was seizure disorder in 78 pts (70.2%) [Generalised 76 pts (97.4%) > Focal 2 pts (2.6%)] followed by 13.5% hypocalcemic seizure, 8.1% hypoglycemic seizure. Other diagnosis was tuberous sclerosis (2.7%), white matter changes (1.8%), adrenoleukodystrophy (0.9%), arachnoid cyst (0.9%), tuberculoma (0.9%) and HIE changes (0.9%). EEG abnormality was seen in 46% of patients. Hyponatremia (36%) was significantly associated with abnormal EEG changes. MRI was done in 38.7% of the patients, out of which, abnormality was seen in only 8.6% of the children.
Conclusions: Seizure is mainly diagnosed clinically and EEG can be normal in many patients. First episode of unprovoked seizure was common in age group of 1-5 years. EEG and Neuroimaging is useful for better diagnosis, treatment can be started on clinical diagnosis.
Keywords: Unprovoked seizure, EEG, MRI