Authors : Siddaling Chengty, Papanka Rajkumar, Mujumdar VG, Ayesha Siddiqua
DOI : 10.18231/j.pjms.2023.013
Volume : 13
Issue : 1
Year : 2023
Page No : 60-63
Background: Anaemia may be defined as a reduction in red blood cell (RBC) mass or blood haemoglobin (HGB) concentration. The most common cause of anaemia in newborns include blood loss, Rh or ABO incompatibility in 3 to 6 months suggests hemoglobinopathy, Nutritional iron deficiency causes after six months hence symptoms of blood examination in children play a significant role below 12 years.
Materials and Methods: 92 children below 12 years of age having anaemia were studied. The blood examination was done to rule out PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RPW, Hb%, PS study, reticulocyte count, and serum iron (Fe), Serum B, folic acids.
Results: The types of anaemia were 53(57.6%) anaemia, 13(14.1%) Thalassemia, 10(10.8%) Megablastic anaemia, 8(8.6%) Anaemia of acute haemorrhage, 5(5.4%) sickle cell anaemia, 2(2.1%) aplastic anaemia, 1(1.08%) leukaemia. Clinical manifestations had 92(100%) pallor, 78(84.7%) weakness and fatigability, 36(39.1%) fever, 26(28.2%) Icterus, 19(20.6%) shortness of breathing, 16(17.3%) hepatomegaly, 14(15.2%) cough, 13(14.1%) history of pica, 12(13%) splenomegaly, 10(10.8%) petechiae, 9(9.7%) vomiting, 9(9.7%) Koilonychias, 5(5.4%) hyper-pigmentation, 6(6.5%) tremors, 21(22.8%) was mild anaemia, 42(45.6%) moderate, 29(31.5%) severe anaemia on the basis of haemoglobin level.
Conclusion: This pragmatic study of anemia had iron deficiency was a major cause followed by thalassemia, megaloblastic, acute hemorrhagic sickle cell, aplastic anemia. This study will be helpful to the pediatrician to treat such children efficiently to avoid morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: Iron deficiency, Sohil's method, Peripheral smear, Serum Fe, Serum B 12