Joseph Johny

Abstract

Context: Orthopantomograms of different individuals were studied to understand the prevalence of morphological variants in styloid process. New types of styloid processes were identified other than that found in the existing classification while proceeding with the study. Thus, a deeper examination of this topic felt interesting. Aims: To identify the anatomical variations of styloid process and its distribution according to age and gender on digital panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: A total of 1000 panoramic radiographs from the database were analyzed for the types and distribution. Langlais classification with modification is used for the study. Conclusion: The tapered and wavy forms were identified apart from Langlais classification of styloid process, in elongated category. Among total population under study elongated category were predominant compared to other types and gender wise distribution manifested the predilection of elongated category among male. Moreover, the elongated variant dominated among the older individuals than adult and younger age groups. Considering age as the parameter Type IV category prevails in younger age group. Key Messages: 1):The two new morphological variants among the elongated variant of styloid process categorized as tapered and wavy were identified, which is to be included in existing classification. 2): Elongated variant is most predominantly seen, of which tapered variety is common among elongated variety, 86.6% was seen in females and 83.8% was seen in males; 3): Wavy variant was dominant in males with 16.1%, whereas in females it was 13.3%. 4): Contemplation of gender as parameter, manifested male predilection to elongated category. 5): Relatively high prevalence of type IV category was analyzed next to elongated variant among age group upto 20 years.   Keywords: Styloid process, Stylohyoid ligament, Tapered and Wavy Variant, Panoramic radiography

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Abstract

Gene therapy is the utilization of DNA as a specialist to treat illness. Gene therapy focuses on the inclusion of a functional gene into the cells of a patient for the rectification of an inborn error of metabolism, to change or fix a procured hereditary irregularity, and to give new capacity to the cell. Today, vast majority of the gene therapy studies are focused on malignant growth and inherited diseases which are connected to hereditary deformities. Malignant growth typically happens because of the creation of various mutations in a solitary cell which makes it proliferate wildly. A few techniques like surgery, radiation treatment, and chemotherapy have been utilized generally to treat tumors, yet recurrence is normal in roughly 33% of patients. To further develop the therapy methodology and to expand the endurance rate, gene therapy can be utilized as an aid to different treatments for malignant growth in patients. The reason for this article is to audit the ideas and strategy, with a knowledge into the ebb and flow research on its applications in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).   Keywords: Gene therapy, Oral cancer, Vectors, Gene gun

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Abstract

Oral microbiota is among the most assorted in the human body. In excess of 700 species have been distinguished in the mouth, and new sequencing techniques are permitting us to find significantly more species. The life structures of the oral cavity is not the same as that of other body locales. The oral cavity has mucosal surfaces (the tongue, the buccal mucosa, the gingiva, and the palate), hard tissues (the teeth), and exocrine organ tissue (major and minor salivary organs), all of which present novel elements for microbiota organization. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is quite possibly the most well-known danger and is the main source of dismalness and mortality.   Keywords: Oral malignant growth, Bacteria, Microbiota, Oral microbiome

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Abstract

The use of titanium implants in dentistry has become increasingly popular due to their biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties. However, the release of titanium ions from the implants has the potential to lead to local and systemic toxicity, which may cause implant failure or have negative consequences on the body. In this article, the causes of titanium toxicity are discussed, including implant design, surgical methods, and patient specific elements. It also looks at the possible health hazards of titanium poisoning, such as inflammation, allergic reaction and neurological issues. Keywords: Dental implants, Biocompatibility, Immunologic reaction, Implant design, Diagnostic tool, Patient education

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