S Arunkumar

Abstract

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, hypertension is responsible for 13% of all deaths worldwide, making it a critical public health problem in developing and developed countries. Economic development, affluence, urbanization, and dietary westernization have contributed to a rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension in South Asian countries. Aim: To study the prevalence of hypertension among adult type 2 diabetic patients and identify risk factors that may affect the development of hypertension in those patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2009 to May 2010 at the Department of Diabetology and Medicine Vinayaka Mission's Medical College & Hospital, Karaikal. 100 patients with Type 2 Diabetes of age 35 and above were screened and included in the study. Results: Out of 100 patients with Diabetes Mellitus, 54 patients were hypertensive, and 46 were non-hypertensive. Hypertension was found to be more common in people aged 45 to 64.Our study reported that hypertension was present in 29% of males and 25% of females. Complications like neuropathy (9.3%) non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (46.51%); proliferative diabetic retinopathy (4.65%); hypertensive retinopathy (2.33%); nephropathy (2.33%); ulcer foot (4.65%); coronary artery disease (27.9%) and stroke (2.33%) were observed in Diabetic patients and were identified as an independent risk factor for hypertension. It was also found that 31.94% of study populations were in the pre-hypertensive stage and 22.22% were in the second stage of hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in patients with DM is high. Duration of diabetes was also one of the contributing factors for hypertension in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. It also concluded that the prevalence of hypertension increases with age advancement in DM.   Keywords: Hypertension, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Prevalence

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