Kirti Rani

Improving human health is the considered major concern in area of medical and agricultural sciences. It is achieved by providing good health supplements with balanced diet to people in the forms of cost effective and safe nano-biofortified or nano-bioengineered vegetable crop plants to fight against malnutrition and other various diseases. And these nano-based methodologies are involved the use of nanoparticles of essential nutrients like copper, iron, selenium, cobalt, and zinc being as fertilizers or stimulants in soils or waters to improve the qualities of vegetable crop plants and make them more enriched with major nutrients and diseased free. Hence, this strategic clinical and agro-practice based management should be considered to combat fungal and microbial diseases of crop plants through cost effective and green nanotechnology-based approach used in the form of nano-formulation and fortified bioagents and biostimulants.   Keywords: Nanobiofortification, Nanodispersion spray, Nanofertilizers, Nanobiostimulants

Herbal therapy is well known holistic therapeutic approach from ancient times to improve emotional, mental and spiritual integrality because not having considerable side effects or adverse effects upon consumption and administration. Although medicinal plants or herbal formulations are widely proposed and considered to be safe, however, they can be potentially be hepatotoxic if not processed properly for final formulation stage to be used for consumption. Hence, simultaneous use of herbs with therapeutic drugs is considered or accepted these days which lead to increases the clinical potential of herb-drug interactions to treat many fatal diseases like hepatitis, cancer and various neurological disorders etc. However, these random or self-guided use of herbal medicine and supplements can be risky because most of times, they are not subject to review by the FDA. Hence, we need healthy attempts to find out possible reasons for studying streamlined clinical toxicological interpretations and clinical pharmacological approaches of herbal products before considering them for their further use as complementary and alternative medicine combination therapies to treat any diseases. Keywords: Herbal products, Herbal medicines, Herbal remedies, Medicinal plants.

Biomimetics is the study of natural phenomena to study various principles of their respective underlying mechanisms for their further integration in to such a modified mechanized way based on computerized systems and artificial intelligence science. Biomimetics has chosen to be used for betterment of human mankind by making various convenient products based on natural phenomenon of plants, animals, birds and insects. Hence, biomimetics will be emerging next generation the most lucrative technology to develop various products in the fields of chemistry, medicine and material sciences which will have further excellent approaches when used in the combination of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering medicine and biomedical engineering to treat various diseases, fatal anomalies, congenital disorders and physical disabilities. Keywords: Biomimicry, Tissue engineering, Regenerative medicine, Nature, Nanomedicine.

Immobilization of bile acid enzymes named, 3-alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3-a HSD) and lipoyl dehydrogenase (Diaphorase) enzymes was done on to activated polymeric membranes like amino-ethyl cellulose and Polyvinyl Alcohol. Immobilization of bile acid enzymes was done onto activated aminoethyl cellulose by covalent coupling by using NaOH and glutaraldehyde. And, Immobilization of bile acid enzymes was done onto activated polyvinyl alcohol by using terephthaladehyde and 2-(m-aminophenyl)- 1-3-dioxolane. Percent of enzyme coupled was found 65% and 60% for enzymes coupled onto activated amino-ethyl cellulose and activated polyvinyl alcohol respectively. Observed percent of analytical recovery for bile acid estimation was % of retention activities were observed for activated polymeric membranes bound bile acid enzymes in our present method even after the regular use of more than 4 months (16 weeks) when preserved at 4 dgree C. Hence, our present method of immobilization of bile acid enzymes onto activated polymeric membranes were found to be more cost effective as compared to other reported enzyme based methods. Keywords: 3-alpha hydroxysteroid dhydrogenase, Lipoyl dehydrogenase, Bile acid, Amino-ethyl cellulose, Polyvinyl Alcohol.

COVID-19 is very novel infectious disease which caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a strain of coronavirus. WHO officially named it, “COVID-19 dated on 11th February 2020. It was first observed in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019 and hence, its current outbreak was officially declared pandemic on 11 March 2020 byWHO(World Health Organization). There is no effective and specific treatment or vaccination existed for this pandemic till now. COVID-19 usually observed with systemic and various respiratory manifestations like high grade fever, sweating, cold, sneezing, dry cough,  pneumonia, muscle pain, vomiting, headache, dizziness, loose motion and diarrhea. The declared official virus name is similar to SARS-CoV, a strain of coronavirus that caused the previous epidemic called severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002-2004, hence WHO named it ”COVID-19 virus” to avoid any confusion when sharing or exchanging the clinical or medical information/data with the public. Keywords: COVID-19, Coronavirus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been already proposed for many advanced research approaches in the fields of therapeutics and nanomedicine due to their non-antigenicity and more potent optical characteristics along with their respective antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in effective site specific targeted drug-delivery practices systems. In last few years, chemically synthesized metal based nanoparticles has been studies for their biological and delivery behaviours because of use of various chemical and bio-hazardous chemicals in their preparations. Various previous studies on green synthesis of silver metal based nanoparticles have been designed which involved biological sources like microorganisms, plants and herbal extracts as cost effective, eco-friendly and non-toxic approaches. So that, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has been much exploited in wider range of applications in the field of biomedical, therapeutics, nanomedicine and pharmaceuticals as more potent and safe drug delivery vehicles as compared to chemically preparations of silver nanoparticles. Therefore, in this review, we recollected the comparative studies based on advantages of green approaches of silver nanoparticles over their respective chemical preparations. Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, Green synthesis, Therapeutics, Nanomedicine, Drug delivery vehicles.

The preparation of safe and cost-effective herbal formulations have been reported for their advantages over various chemically designed/ synthesized crude drugs preparations like their respective improved solubility, bioavailability, non-toxicity, improved pharmacological activity, sustained delivery and improved resistance against physical and chemical degradation. Various herbal compounds based nanoparticles has been explored for their potent therapeutic efficiency against pathophysiological conditions as compared to crude drugs preparations. Green synthesis of herbal based nanoformulations has been reported very safe biomedical approach over several metallic nanoparticles and metal based nano-herb combination showed better efficacy against different pathophysioloical conditions. So, this mini-review is an effort to know the implicit role of medicinal herbs in synthesizing nanomaterials to explore their physiological compatibility and therapeutic efficacy to carry out safe and cost effective clinical and biomedical approaches. Keywords: Herbonanoceuticals, Herbal therapeutics, Nano-herbal formulations.