Sakthidasan Chinnathambi P

Abstract

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is a B- Cell neoplasm occurring in lymph nodes and extra-nodal sites. Among the latter, skin involvement is a rare phenomenon with a very low incidence rate. Cutaneous involvement of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma may have varied clinical presentations from erythematous papules to ulcers. However, a thorough search in histology shows the classic RS cells which are diagnostic of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, but this needs a high degree of suspicion. Presentation of Hodgkin Lymphoma, in an elderly female patient of 60 years of age bearing erythematous skin changes over breast which made a clinical suspicion of inflammatory breast carcinoma, is presented here.   Keywords: Hodgkin lymphoma, Breast, Carcinoma, Skin.

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Abstract

Clear Cell Sarcoma Like tumor of Gastrointestinal Tract (CCSLGT) is a rare malignant neoplasm described in stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, with a high predilection for small intestine. It has its own unique histology, immune-phenotype, clinical behavior, and molecular characteristics which distinguishes it from other sarcomas/carcinomas in gastrointestinal system. Due to its rarity, only limited studies have been performed in the literature. Moreover, its histogenesis is uncertain till now. A rare case of CCSLGT which occurred in ileum of an elderly woman has been presented here with a short review of its histogenesis. Keywords: Clear cell sarcoma, Melanoma, S- 100, Ileum.

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Abstract

Squamous cell carcinomas constitute 95% of cancers of the head and neck region. The progression of disease in these patients depends on various molecular regulators. The present study is undertaken to identify the immunoexpression of Cyclin D1 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCC) and to study their association with clinicopathological variables in routine diagnostics. Objectives: 1. To study the expression of Cyclin D1 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas by immunohistochemistry. 2. To correlate the expression of Cyclin D1 with histopathological grading and various demographic parameters. Materials and Methods: 150 cases of HNSCCs were studied for a period of 18 months in ESIC MC & PGIMSR, Bangalore. The cases were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis of Cyclin D1 antigen. Immunoexpression of Cyclin D1 was correlated with histopathological differentiation and clinical parameters. Results: Out of 150 cases; well, moderate and poorly differentiated grades constituted67, 63 and 20 cases respectively. Immunoexpression of Cyclin D1 wasfound in 100 % of the cases and they were significantly associated with worsening grade of the tumour and positive lymph node disease while it was not found to be associated with other clinical parameters. Conclusion: Immunohistochemical analysis of cyclin D1 can be routinely done inHNSCC as it proves to be an effective, early prognostic indicator in predicting the advanced stage of the disease and guiding appropriate management. Keywords: Head and Neck, Squamous cell carcinoma, Histopathological grade, Immunohistochemistry, Cyclin D1.

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Abstract

Background: Skin being the largest organ of the body, is subjected to constant environmental insults through direct and indirect targets. Non-neoplastic lesions of skin comprise a vast array of diseases, which are usually approached by pattern based method in histopathology for microscopic diagnosis. This study was undertaken with an intention to learn such diseases by a simple minimally invasive punch biopsy procedure. Materials and Methods: A 2 year retro-prospective study of 82 punch biopsies which were documented as non-neoplastic lesions of skin were studied with respect to their demographical and histopathological profile. Simple descriptive statistics was applied in Microsoft Excel software. Results: Out of the 82 cases studied, 46(56%) were males and 36(44%) were females. Maximum number of cases (n=23) were seen in 21-30 years of age. Most prominent site of lesions biopsied were from lower limb (23 cases) with legs being the commonest among them. Cutaneous infections (n=25) was the most common clinical category, with Mycobacterial lesions as the prominent subcategory (n=16). Granulomatous reaction constituted the most common major tissue reaction pattern among other patterns with a total number of 17 cases out of 82. Panniculitis was the most common minor reaction pattern observed. Conclusion: The pattern based approach in routine histopathological analysis proves a valuable descriptive tool for reaching an accurate diagnosis in cutaneous non-neoplastic lesions. Keywords: Biopsy, Nonneoplastic lesions, Skin.

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