K. Sharanya

Abstract

Introduction: Pseudomonas have now a days become a major cause of nosocomial and community acquired infections. They are widely distributed in the hospital environment which makes them difficult to eradicate. P.aeruginosa has become the leading cause of hospital acquired infection because of its recent trend to gain resistance to most of the drugs used against it causing a multidrug resistance. Therefore it is necessary to know the changing pattern so as to achieve a good therapy for pseudomonas infection. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of P.aeruginosa with different parameters from the patients attending the tertiary level hospital in Chennai. Objective: The aim of the study was to enumerate the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of Pseudomonas infection from various samples in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in Microbiology department of a tertiary care hospital during the period of February 2016 to January 2017. A total of 93 non repetitive clinical isolates of P.aeruginosa were collected from different samples. Result: In the present study the males 51(54.8%) were more affected than females 42(45.2%).Age distribution showed more to be affected among adults of age 40 and above. Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin shows 96.8% sensitivity. Among Cephalosporins highest resistance was observed among 1st generation cefazolin (83.9%) followed by 2nd generation Cefotaxime (17.2%) and Ceftazidime (23.7%) the least was seen among 4th generation Cefepime which showed 6.5% resistance.All isolates were sensitive to Imipenem. Conclusion: Restriction of antibiotic usage must be formatted by each institution, to combat the emergence of multi drug resistant P. aeruginosa. Imipenem was the only anti-pseudomonal drug against which all isolates of P. aeruginosa were fully sensitive. We recommend a restricted and a more rational use of this drug in this hospital setting Keywords: P.aeruginosa, Antimicrobial resistance, Hospital acquired infection.

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Abstract

Introduction: Multidrug resistance among clinical samples has emerged as a major problem in clinical settings. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic, nosocomial pathogen inherently resistant to many drugs and is able to acquire resistance to all effective antimicrobial drugs. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa is an emerging cause of mortality and morbidity which causes 4-60% nosocomial infections worldwide. Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa isolates from various clinical samples in a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: 100 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from various clinical samples, collected in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 6 months were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Interpretation was done according to the CLSI guidelines. Quality control was performed by using a standard strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Result: Among the entire gram negative organism isolated from different samples Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were around 29%. Out of the 100 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates studied, 87% were sensitive to Imipenem, 69% to Amikacin,, 82% to Piperacillin-Tazobactum, 69% to Aztreonam, 31% to third generation cephalosporins, 34% to Gentamicin & 47% to Ciprofloxacin respectively. Conclusion: In order to control antimicrobial resistance and to keep it in check it is necessary to practice effective antibiotic policies, frequent surveillance programs and adequate infection control measures. Keywords: Drug Resistance, Disc diffusion method, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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