S Ravichandran

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women across the globe. The aim of this study is to compare exosomal survivin levels in breast cancer patients and healthy population. It is also to investigate the relationship between clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer and exosomal survivin levels. Patients who were diagnosed with histopathologically confirmed breast cancer and healthy volunteers were included in the study. Serum samples from patients and healthy volunteers were stored at -80?. Exosomes were isolated from these serum samples. The integrity of the exosomes was disrupted. Survivin levels were measured by Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay. Data on clinicopathological parameters were obtained from patient files and compared statistically.   Keywords: Breast cancer, Exosome, Survivin.

A mother’s health and nutrition status both before and during pregnancy have an important and significant effect on its baby`s physical as well as mental health. Mothers health and dietary intake completely effects a baby`s birth weight, rate of postnatal growth and chances of survival. If a mother is maintaining a good nutritious status with a healthy life style throughout her pregnancy, it optimizes maternal health and reduces the risk of pregnancy complication, birth defects and chronic diseases in her children and later in adulthood. This paper describes a woman with proper dietary intake, good nutritious status, and proper life style will have a healthy pregnancy which automatically increases the chances of having healthy delivery of baby, with very low complications. The baby has a better chance of having healthy life ahead.   Keywords: Nutrition, Pregnancy, Birth defects, Mother’s health, Mental health.

The last few decades have seen enormous advances in the area of bioinorganic chemistry, attracting scientists from various disciplines including chemistry, biology, agriculture and medicine. Metals are very important constituents preferred by nature that function in bio-chemical method for living organisms. Metal complexes are essential in the area of catalysis, material science, photochemistry and bio systems. Medicinal chemistry may exploit the unique feature of metal ions in concern with design of new drugs. The recent advancement in emerging field of inorganic chemistry, the act of transition metal complexes as therapeutic compound has becoming increasingly important. From the survey of literature inorganic chemistry have made possible formation that leads to number of transition metal complexes having organiclig and can be used as therapeutic agent. The present review paper focus the scope and recent progress in the area of bioinorganic chemistry with new opportunities to the synthesis of metal-based drugs. Keywords: Metal complexes, Metal based drugs, Medicinal chemistry, Role and applications.

The main aim of this work was to analyze through a systematic review the ability of Tribulusterrestris to promote the increase of hormonal levels as a mechanism for the relief of menopausal symptoms. The criteria used for the selection were: studies involving menopausal women and use of Tribulusterrestris as a treatment for sexual dysfunction and / or other menopausal symptoms. The survey of literature shows that women who used Tribulusterrestris had drastic improvement in symptoms such as vaginal lubrication, sensation in the genitals during intercourse and other constructive activities. In this study, we have found a significant increase in bioavailable testosterone after the use of the plant extracts which has great potential in the treatment of sexual intercourse and unique symptoms of menopause.   Keywords: Radical scavenging activity, Fruit extracts, Menopausal symptoms, Biological activities, Antioxidant.

Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet that does not supply a healthy amount of one or more nutrients.It is a condition characterized by lack of one or more essential nutrients from the diet or a surplus of some nutrients which affect the body negatively. Malnutrition consists of two types: undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition involves the deficiency of macronutrients like protein or calories and micronutrients like iron, iodine and many more. Protein energy malnutrition is caused by the inadequate intake of protein and calories. It is further classified in three types, kwashiorkor, marasmus and marasmic kwashiorkor. Malnutrition mainly affects an individual’s immune system, lean body mass, cardio-respiratory functions, muscle functions. Malnutrition can be caused due to many factors including unavailability of food, poverty, higher food prices and many more. Strategies like biofortification and supplementation are used for the treatment of malnutrition.   Keywords: Malnutrition, Micronutrient deficiencies, Poverty, Undernutrition, Kwashiorkor

Renewable energy (wind energy, solar power, geothermal energy and tidal power) is the inexhaustible energy resulted from contineous regeneration. The main features of renewable energy is that it can be obtained without damaging the environment. It has been found that renewable energy sources have the ability to give solutions to environmental related problems being faced by mankind. India is highly populated country on this planet and has more energy demand. The renewable energy is one of the major options to meet this quality. Today, renewable energy account for 37% of India’s most energy consumptions. In this paper, efforts have been made to discuss the future of renewable energy of our country.   Keywords: Renewable energy, Solar energy, Wind energy, Carbon emission, Energy crisis

Food waste has become a serious issue in recent years. Due toincrease in over population, solid waste also more generated and affect public health and environment. Food wastes produce methane gas that results greater impact on global warming than carbon dioxide. The composting technology is one of the alternatives, as it is the highest form of recycling of biodegradable solid waste. The study was undertaken to utilize food waste generated, into organic manure using effective micro-organism. A total of 100 kg of food wastes were collected from 100 households in Allahabad over 15 days. The pit was dug for composting using Effective Microorganisms (EM) and natural composting for remediation of organic contaminants. The compost was analyzed and the effectiveness of compost was studied through cultivation of vegetables at households. Results revealed that EM compost had fast decomposition rate, rich in nutrients, more microbial activities, good germination and more yields compared with natural compost. Thus, the study paves way for effective management of food waste in order to minimize potential human and environment risks and composting using effective microorganisms as an option of waste management operation that is cheap, Eco- friendly and sustainable. Keywords: Food waste, Effective microorganisms, Remediation, Compost, Eco­friendly

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports on six major air pollutants, namely particulate matter, ground level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and lead. Effects of these pollutants are seen in air, soil and water. This air pollutant possesses different impact on the human health, climate changes, green-house effects and global warming. Acid rain, global warming, greenhouse effect and climate changes have an important ecological impact on air pollution. Neurological effects have been observed in adults and children after exposure to air pollutants. Man is causing damage to air, water and soil. Our atmosphere on global scale is highly polluted. In this paper, our interest is mainly to focus on these pollutants, as they are related to more severe problems in human health and environmental impact.    Keywords: Air pollution, Environment, Clean air, Public health, Sustainable development.

Energy is the major mover of sustainable and economic development. Energy is the key input to drive and improve the life cycle. Primarily it is the gift of the nature to the mankind in various forms. The consumption of energy is directly proportional to the progress of mankind. There is a very high demand for energy, which is currently satisfied mainly by coal, oil and petroleum which are from being a non – renewable and therefore non– permanent solution to the energy crisis. Thus, it is essential to tackle the energy crisis through efficient utilization of abundant renewable energy resources. Renewable energy sources have the potential to provide solutions to the long-standing energy problems being faced by human society. The renewable energy sources like wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy and tidal energy can be used to overcome energy shortage in India. To meet the energy requirement for such a fast growing economy, India will require more supply of energy than the total energy consumed today. The renewable energy is one of the options to meet this requirement. Today, renewable energy account for 33% of India’s primary energy consumptions. India is increasingly adopting responsible renewable energy techniques and taking positive steps towards ensuring a more sustainable future. This paper describes in brief the potentials of renewable energy options in India. Keywords : Renewable energy, Solar energy, Wind energy, Tidal energy, Biomass energy.

Water is very essential for all forms of life. Most of the time our civilizations were generated on the water bank. The Gomati river is located in south of the Himalayan foot hills near Madhogani Tanda village in Pilibhit district in northern Uttar Pradesh. It flows southeastward for almost 940 km through nine districts of Uttar Pradesh. Large amounts of human waste, agricultural and industrial pollutants are discharged in this river as it flows through the highly populated regions of Uttar Pradesh. Lakhimpurkheri, Lucknow, Sultanpur and Jaunpur are major cities located along this river; they are a major source of municipal and domestic waste and sewage water causing pollution in this river. However in recent times, the conditions of water quality are very badly affected. The reasons for this due to increase in population growth, rapid industrialization and agriculture methods resulting deterioration of water quality. The water pollution has many negative consequences such as destruction of marine habitat, development of various fatal human diseases such as cholera, malaria, tuberculosis, etc. Therefore, water pollution is indeed a major and serious global topic of concern. Water Pollution matters because it harms the environment on which we depend. Destroying the environment ultimately reduces the quality of our own lives. Research survey concluded that large number of drains are responsible for pollution in river Gomti that enter directly into the river carrying untreated industrial and domestic waste. In this present article, an attempt is being made to review the various steps should be taken on personal basis to tackle the problem of Gomti river water pollution. Keywords: Water pollution, Industrial pollutants, Heavy metals, Water borne diseases.

Our living standard rose after the industrial revolution. Chemistry has brought about medical revolution in the middle of 20th century in which drugs and antibiotics might have discovered. The world’s food supply also increased enormously due to the discovery of new hybrid varieties, improved methods of farming, better and quality seeds, use of insecticides, herbicides and fertilizers. The quality of life on earth became much better due to the discovery of dyes, plastics, cosmetics and medicines. Soon, the ill effects of chemistry also became pronounced, main among them being the pollution of land, water and atmosphere. This is caused mainly due to the effects of byproducts of chemical industries, which are being discharged into the air, water and land. The use of toxic reactants and reagents also make the situation worse. Chemical industry developed many products that facilitate life, to extend human life. Industrial revolution has brought increased production but also waste material made to be consumed rapidly. As on today, maximum pollution to the environment is caused by numerous chemical industries. Therefore, attempts have been made to design synthesis for manufacturing processes in such a way that the waste products are minimum, Sustainability has spread in waves with the slogan in the end of 20th century. Chemical industry using the principles of green chemistry began to take measures relating to sustainability and the environment. For a continually growing population and restricted resources in a sustainable future in a world where the idea of development in the 21st century is one of the biggest challenges of green chemistry. Our scientific research must work for the welfare of our people. One of the best ways is to increase the direct interface of science with society. We need to strengthen our policies, regulations, investments and management to achieve our sustainable goals. In order to attain Sustainable Development, we have to bridge our traditional knowledge and Modern Science. It is significant to understand the principles of green chemistry to leave a livable world for future generations. Green chemistry represents the pillars that hold up our sustainable future. It is clear that many industries and research of many academics recognize the significance of green chemistry. The Green Chemistry is making us all to build a more sustainable, safer, progressive and prosperous mother planet for all humanity. Keywords: Environmental pollution, Green chemistry, Safety environment, Sustainability.

Vitamins are generally essential; they are mandatory compounds that are not produced in the body and must be taken through food. These compounds, which play a role in enzyme reactions as coenzymes, are indispensable for the human organism. Among them, vitamin D, which is of great importance, can be made in the body differently from others. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin. Since its chemical structure is similar to steroid hormones and is synthesized in tissue and released into the circulatory system due act on the target tissue, it can also be classified as a hormone. Vitamin D is a fairly important steroid hormone that plays a role in maintaining bone and calcium homeostasis.   Keywords: Vitamin D, Metabolism.

Natural compounds are the result of millions of years of evolution, natural compounds include a wide range of chemical compounds, as a result of which various medicinal compounds are obtained. Natural products have complex and diverse chemical structures. Meanwhile, the use of natural products as modifiers of biological performance has also attracted considerable attention. Global market demand for natural products is growing day by day, public health issues and safety concerns are also increasingly recognized. These products have become one of the most important sources for the development of new lead compounds and scaffolds. Natural products will be used continuously to meet the urgent need for the production of effective and useful drugs and play an important role in the production of drugs with effective compounds for the treatment of a wide range of human diseases. Many clinical studies have been conducted on the use of these compounds. In addition to what has been stated, herbal compounds are used for other diseases related to chronic inflammation such as atherosclerosis and ischemia. We hope this work will provide important knowledge for therapeutic or preventive applications of natural products in chronic inflammatory diseases. Keywords: Natural products, Health, Preventive medicine, Inflammation, Diseases, Knowledge