Varun Goel

Abstract

Introduction: Dermatophytosis is a superficial infection, which varies according to the geographic region wise, socio-economic level of the population, time of study, climatic variations, presence of domestic animals and age.  Aim: To determine the clinical profile of dermatophytic infections and causative fungal species in the various clinical presentations.  Materials and Methods: A total of 105 samples of clinically suspected dermatophytosis were collected. Direct microscopy by Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) and culture on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) and Dermatophyte Test Medium (DTM) was done. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 19.0 software. Results: Out of 105 clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis, Tinea corporis 47 (44.8%) was the commonest clinical type followed by tinea cruris 19 (18.09%), Commonest age group affected was 31-40 years (27.6%) with male to female ratio of 2.38:1. Of the dermatophytes isolated, T. rubrum 19 (51.35%) was the most common followed by T. mentagrophyte 16 (43.24%) and E. floccosum 2 (5.4%). Conclusions: The major types of tinea were tinea corporis and tinea cruris. Among dermatophytosis, T. rubrum was the predominant etiological agent present and DTM being a good screening medium in the laboratory diagnosis of dermatophytosis when compared to SDA with antibiotics. Keywords: Dermatophyte test medium, Dermatophytosis, Sabouraud dextrose agar, Tinea.

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Abstract

Introduction: Otitis media (OM) is a major health issue involving mainly middle ear and is quite prevalent in developing countries in the low socioeconomic group. The aim of this study was to isolate the organisms associated with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and to detect the antibiogram of the aerobic isolates.  Methods: A total of 150 patients clinically diagnosed with CSOM were enrolled in the study and the samples were obtained from each patient using sterile cotton swabs and cultured for microbial flora. Drug susceptibility testing for aerobic isolates was conducted using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Out of the 119 (79.33%) were culture positive, of which 93 (78.15%) were pure bacterial isolates and 26 (27.95%) were mixed cultures. Bacterial isolates in pure cultures were Staphylococcus aureus in 46 isolates (49.46%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 22(23.6%). Antimicrobial profile of aerobic isolates revealed maximum sensitivity to amikacin (95.5%), ceftriaxone (83.4%) and gentamicin (82.7%).  Conclusions: Knowing the etiological agents of CSOM and their antimicrobial susceptibility is of essential importance for an effective treatment, prevention of both complications and development of antibiotic resistance and finally, the reduction of the treatment costs. Keywords: Attico-antral, Chronic suppurative otitis media, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus.

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