Chaitra MC

Abstract

Introduction: Dacryocystitis is an inflammation of the lacrimal sac and duct. Epiphora is the most common presentation of chronic dacryocystitis. This clinical study was undertaken to know the mode of presentation of dacryocystitis, spectrum of pathogens and the histopathological picture in chronic dacryocystitis patients who underwent dacryocystectomy. Materials and Methods: Studied the various modes of presentation of dacryocystitis cases in respect to their distribution of age, sex, occupation, socio economic status, laterality, presenting complaints, clinical types of dacryocystitis and bacteriological study. The patients with gross nasal pathology were excluded from the study. Results: Out of 60 patients, chronic dacryocystitis were 46(76.7%), acute cases 8(13.3%) and congenital cases were 5(10%). Most commonly seen between 41-50 years of age group and predominately in females (71.7%), house wifes 25(42%), lower socioeconomic status 33(55%), dacryocystitis showed left sided affection 32(53.33%) more than right. The most common presenting complaint was epiphora in 38 patients (63.3%) and common microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus 24(40%). Histopathological results showed 85.7% non-specific chronic dacryocystitis. Conclusion: As the nasolacrimal obstructions are the initiating event in establishing infection, it is important to know about microbial organisms responsible for dacryocystitis as it is one of the predisposing factors for postoperative endophthalmitis. Keywords: Dacryocystitis, Dacryocystectomy, Dacryocystorhinostomy, Epiphora.

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Abstract

This article emphasizes the interlink between eye and the skin, helping to diagnose systemic diseases based on the ocular manifestations. Complete care of eyes by the ophthalmologist will require simultaneous skin care and treatment of the systemic cause.   Keywords: Ocular, Eye, Skin, Systemic diseases, Manifestations, Mucous membrane.

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Abstract

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a condition which is one of the major causes of preventable childhood blindness. ROP may develop in premature new-borns due to avascular or incompletely vascularized retina at birth which are prone to damage. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), as well as its risk factors and severity, among newborns who were admitted to and screened at a tertiary care facility that serves a rural community. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 1 year. All infants born prematurely who were admitted to the hospital and had a birth weight of less than or equal to 1500 g and/or less than 32 weeks of gestation were included in the study. Additionally, babies born between 1501-2500 grams and/or 33-35 weeks who were at a higher risk were also included. Under aseptic conditions all preterms were screened with RetCam in NICU of a tertiary hospital situated in rural area in Karnataka. Results: 224 preterm babies were screened for ROP. No ROP was noted in 185 babies (82.59%), 9 babies had stage 1 (4.02%), 21 babies stage 2 (9.38%), 9 babies had stage 3 ROP (4.02). No infant developed stage 4 and stage 5 ROP. Prevalence of ROP is 17.41% in our study. Low birth weight (LBW), Very low birth weight (VLBW), Respiratory Distress Syndrome and sepsis are found to be clinically significant in this study. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of ROP is 17.41%. LBW, VLBW, Respiratory Distress Syndrome and sepsis are found to significant risk factors. Early screening and timely appropriate treatment of ROP can prevent from causing childhood blindness.   Keywords: Retinopathy of prematurity, Preterm, Risk factors, Low birth weight, Gestational age, Respiratory distress syndrome, Sepsis.

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