N Maheshwara

Abstract

Introduction: The World Health Report estimated that there were 19.34 million people who are bilaterally blind from age-related cataract. The number of blind people in the world and the proportion due to cataract is increasing due to: population growth will increase to around 800 million in 2020 improve, the degree of visual loss. Our study was to evaluate SICS as a substitute to Phacoemulsification by comparing clinical parameters, astigmatism, visual acuity and post-operative complications. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of 30 patients, assigned for cataract surgery by small incision (15 cases) and Phacoemulsification (15cases).Patients were selected evaluated and IOL power calculation was done by using SRK II formula. 30 subjects were choosen who were above age of 50yrs. Results: Mean Pre-operative Astigmatism in both SICS group and Phacoemulsification group is 0.68D, and Mean Post- operative Astigmatism SICS group and Phacoemulsification group is 1.68D and 1.65D respectively. In both cataract surgery by small incision and Phacoemulsification statistically significant post-operative shift to ATR Astigmatism was 86.70% and 76.70%. At 6 weeks follow up, >90.00% patients in the Phacoemulsification group as well in the SICS group had BCVA of better than or equal to 6/18. The post-operative complications are and corneal oedema, Striate Keratopathy and Post operative anterior Uveitis in both SICS and Phacoemulsification groups respectively. Conclusion: Cataract surgery by small incision wound healing is fast, postoperative complications are few and less frequent follow-ups and minimal damage to coreneal endothelium. So MSICS has an edge over phacoemulsification, because off its low cost and least learning curve. Keywords: Cataract surgery, Post- operative astigmatism, Phacoemulsification, Small incision.

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Abstract

Primary open angle Glaucoma (POAG) is a chronic, progressive optic neuropathy caused by a group of ocular conditions which lead to damage of the optic nerve with loss of visual function. Various modalities are available to detect the damage to the optic nerve head and the retinal nerve fibre layer. Traditionally Visual Evoked Potentials (VEP) has been used to test optic nerve and Humphrey Visual Field Analyser with results favouring one over the other. Hence a study was conducted comparing parameters of standard VEP with the indices of Humphrey Visual Field Analyser in patients of POAG. Material and Methods: A group of 30 diagnosed cases of primary open angle glaucoma. Selected patients were then taken up for Visual Field Analysis and VEP recordings using VEP systems as per the protocol of International society for clinical electrophysiology of vision (ISCEV). Visual field analysis was performed on Humphrey Visual Field Analyser II – series. Patient’s pupil size was noted and the test selected was central 30-2. Results: Patients belonged to the age group of 50-54 years. About 2/3 of patients were males & about 1/3 of patients were females. Of the 60 eyes 34 eyes (56.6%) had delayed P100 latency whereas 26 eyes (43.4%) showed GHT outside normal limits. Mean of MD was more (3.54) when the GHT was the deranged parameter and less when the deranged parameter was P100 latency (2.63). Conclusion: VEP is affected in POAG. As an independent parameter more eyes had delayed P100 values when compared to GHT. In 16/60 eyes (26.6%) the P100 latencies were affected before GHT changes in Humphrey visual fields. In this study P100 latencies were statistically significant when compared to MD & GHT index of Humphrey Perimeter. Keywords: Glaucoma hemifield test, Humphrey visual field analysis, Primary open angle glaucoma, P100 latency, Visual evoked potentials.

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