Geetanjli Kalyan

Abstract

Background: Preterm neonates need an alternative method of feeding before breastfeeding. Aim : To compare the Nifty cup with Katori-spoon feeding in preterm neonates on full gavage feeds and deemed fit for oral feeding. Materials and Methods: This open-label, parallel, randomized controlled trial will be done at the step-down unit of a tertiary care center in Northern India. We will include preterm neonates (< 34> We will do intention to treat analysis. All data will be analyzed using SPSS version 23 statistical software for Windows. We will do a regression analysis to determine if the intervention is an independent predictor of time to full oral feeds after adjusting for pre-specified variables like gestational age, birth weight, and PMA at enrolment. Discussion: The study will provide evidence on the best feeding method for feeding preterm neonates. This evidence will guide nurses/health care professionals in deciding the feeding method for preterm infants. Keywords: NIFTY Cup, Katori-spoon, Feeding, Preterm neonates, Cup feeding.

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Abstract

Background:  Menarche, among Adolescence girls, signifies the adaptation to womanhood as it is associated with pubertal changes and beginning of the capacity to reproduce. This is a period of gonadal development and growth spurt. Menstrual hygiene is crucial to healthy reproductive system and in return to good physical health and wellbeing. Therefore, enhanced awareness regarding menstruation and related hygiene, right from adolescence may escalate safe practices that are helpful in alleviating the distress of millions of women. Aim: To assess the knowledge and practices related to menstruation and menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls of selected schools of District Ambala, Haryana A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in selected schools of Mullana and Barara District Ambala, Haryana. Materials and Methods: Total enumeration sampling technique was used to enroll 192 adolescent girls from class 9 to class 12 from selected schools after obtaining written informed consent from parents and verbal consent from girls. Ethical clearance was obtained from Institute Ethics committee. Doubts of the participants were cleared after data collection. Results: Among 192 girls, nearly half girls were aware of menstrual hygiene and reported use of sanitary nepkins and 40.1% girls were aware of the symptoms of poor menstrual hygiene. . Conclusion: There is a need to implement an education program for adolescent girls on menstruation and menstrual hygiene to ensure healthy menstrual practices.   Keywords: Menstruation, Menstrual Hygiene, Menses, Sanitary pads, Dysmenorrhea, Vaginal discharge

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Background: The skin of pretmature neonates require a special care as it is thin, the pH is low, and they lose more heat and water. Due to the increasing number of preterm births, the stable preterm babies get an early discharge early from the hospital. At home they require meticulous skin care for their survival and both father and mother are equally responsible for providing care to their preterm neonates. Henceforth it is essential to develop an evidence-based protocol and train both father and mother in the care of the preterm neonate Aim: To develop a protocol and check its effectiveness in skill development of parents (father and mother) regarding skin care and oil massage of their preterm neonates admitted in Neonatal units, Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh Settings and Design: Neonatal Nursery (NNN), Maternity ward, Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh. A quantitative research approach and operational design were selected. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 45 parents of 31 neonates selected using the total enumeration sampling technique. Protocol on the skin, eye, cord care and oil massage of preterm neonates was developed, validated, demonstration, and return demonstration were taken after the pretest. Observational checklists were used to assess the father and mother’s skills in three-four consecutive observations. Results: Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Maximum 30(97%) mothers became skilled in the third observation; on the other hand, more fathers achieved skill by the fourth observation. Once all the father and mother achieved skill performance of 85-90%. The final return demonstration was taken on their preterm neonate. A significant improvement in skills scores of both fathers’ and mothers’ was observed within and in between the subsequent observations. Conclusion: The research shows that there was a significant increase in the skills of father and mother. This shows that the operational study to develop a protocol and check its effectiveness in skill development of parents (father and mother) regarding skin care and oil massage of their preterm neonates was a success. Keywords: Parents, Father and mother, Skin care, Oil massage, Preterm neonates, Neonatal units.

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Background : An quick and non-invasive procedure to assess the general health and well-being of the child is growth monitoring. In 2006 WHO published growth charts and these charts are now more frequently used to assess growth of children. These charts have also been adopted by CDC. The current study was planned to assess the status of growth of children in Haryana using these charts. Aims: To assess the growth and development of under five children as per new WHO growth standards in selected community of Haryana. Settings and Design: A descriptive design was used and study was conducted in rural and urban community of Ambala, (Haryana) to assess their Growth and Development. Material and Methods: Total 140 under five children of conveniently selected setting were enrolled through door to door survey. Various checklists were used to ascertain competency of data collectors and inter-observer reliability was calculated and it was 0.82. Screening sheet, and growth and development assessment performa with growth charts were used to collect data. The anthropometric measurements were taken and recorded for all children. Statistical analysis: Data was analysed by using SPSS 17 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Results: Most of the children were born between gestational age of 34-40weeks, and more than half were males. Related to initiation of breast feeding 73 (52.1%) of children were breast fed within one hour of birth. About introduction of solid food in more than half of the children it was started in age of 6-7 months. Half of the fathers were labourers, and all most all of the mothers were housewives. As per weight for age and length/height for age chart 61.4 of the children fell in -2 to +2 SD that is normal. As per indicator of acute malnutrition that is weight for length/height 54.2% of children were normal. Only 3.6% children were above 2SD for length/height and weight for age, rest other were below 2SD and were underweight, stunted and wasted as the related indicators. Conclusions: There is a need to implement education program for parents of children on nutrition as many children were at risk of both acute and chronic malnutrition and few were malnourished. Keywords: Malnutrition, Underweight, New WHO child growth standards, Under five children, Wasting.

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