Raju Hanumant Patil

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis is a chronic, communicable, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli usually affecting lungs primarily resulting in pulmonary tuberculosis. Objective: to evaluate the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) through to treatment activity of pulmonary Tuberculosis and sputum smear conversion of patients registered for treatment under RNTCP. Study design: Observational cross-sectional study. Setting: under District Tuberculosis Centre, Satara involving all the ten Tuberculosis Units (TUs) namely, Umbraj, Satara, Karad, Patan, Vaduj, Koregaon, Wai, Man, Phaltan and Belair. Participants: Thus fifty (50) slides of sputum smear positive slides for tuberculosis and fifty (50) slides of sputum smear negative slides for tuberculosis were selected randomly. Sampling: Simple random sampling. Study period: from 2012 to 2014. Results: It was found that among pulmonary tuberculosis cases, majority were on Cat-I and the sputum conversion rate among them by 3 months was found >90% in all the tuberculosis units except Bel-Air tuberculosis unit, though the case detection rate is higher in Bel-Air tuberculosis unit the sputum conversion rate was found low in all 3 years. Regarding sputum conversion rate among re-treatment cases the performance of Karad, Vaduj and Dahiwadi, Phaltan, Bel-Air and Wai tuberculosis units was higher in comparison with other tuberculosis units. Conclusion: Majority of pulmonary tuberculosis cases were on Cat-I treatment and the sputum conversion rate among them has been achieved above the target. Similar with the Cat-II cases except Bel-Air tuberculosis unit where performance of sputum conversion of Cat-I as well as Cat-II is below average.   Keywords: Cat-I, Cat-II, pulmonary tuberculosis, Revised national tuberculosis control programme (RNTCP), Sputum conversion, Tuberculosis units.

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Abstract

Introduction: India has the highest number of tuberculosis in the world, accounting for nearly one fifth of the world's burden. Despite the national anti-tuberculosis program, tuberculosis remains the cause of death in India. The study, therefore, was designed to evaluate the RNTCP programme, which was revised by the evaluation and treatment of patients enrolled under the tuberculosis program in Umbraj, Maharashtra. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted at Tuberculosis Centre, Umbraj for the year 2014 which was record based study and information was collected by accessing the records maintained at the level of tuberculosis unit. All this information was collected for the year 2014. Result: In the present, the success rate for PTB was 87.7% and EPTB was 98.2%. Among the pulmonary tuberculosis cases, cure rate was 54.4% while treatment completion rate was 33.3%. Among the EPTB cases, treatment completion rate was 98.2% with death rate 1.8%. The default rate of 2.0%, transferred out rate of 1.0% and 2.6 % failure rate were reported in year 2014. Conclusion: Tuberculosis suspect rate is consistently low at unit. Though microscopic activity and DOTS activity are appropriate there is deficiency in trained personnel and lacking in achievement of treatment outcome as per the guidelines. Keywords: Revised national tuberculosis control programme, Tuberculosis unit, PTB, EPTB.

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