Geetha A

Abstract

Introduction: Babies born of mothers with gestational diabetes tend to develop obesity and diabetes in later life. This occurs in spite of good control of gestational diabetes. It was decided to study whether the maternal hyperglycemia produces any alteration in thyroid function of the foetus which could account for the development of insulin resistance and obesity in later years. The present study was done to find the level of thyroid hormones in the cord blood of infants of mothers with gestational diabetes. Materials and Methods: The study included 32 pregnant women who were suffering from gestational diabetes mellitus and their newborn babies. The severity of maternal diabetes was assessed by the fasting and postprandial blood sugar levels and the glycated haemoglobin levels. The glycated haemoglobin was estimated during the third trimester of pregnancy. The thyroid hormone levels and blood sugar was estimated in cord blood. The birth weight of the baby was also noted. Result: In our study, the serum T3 levels in cord blood was very much increased as compared to the normal range The cord blood T3 levels also showed a statistically significant positive correlation with the maternal postprandial glucose levels and the glycated haemoglobin levels. The T3 levels in cord blood of babies were much higher in those mothers who required insulin than the mothers who were controlled with diet alone. Conclusion: The increased T3 levels in cord blood may be an indicator of the hyperglycemia to which the foetus is exposed during intrauterine life. Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, Cord blood thyroid hormone levels, Deiodinase enzyme, Glycated haemoglobin TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), T4(tetraiodothyronine, T3 (tri iodothyronine), Glucose challenge test, Oral glucose tolerance test.

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Abstract

Introduction: The goal of the present study was to find out the effect of coexisting hypothyroidism on the biochemical and anthropometric measurements in PCOS patients. Materials and Methods:The study consisted of 90 subjects already diagnosed as PCOS and thirty age matched controls .Biochemical parameters like fasting blood sugar and lipid profile and the anthropometric measurements like BMI and waist circumference were compared between the two groups. The 90 PCOS subjects were further divided in to two depending on their thyroid status as euthyroid and hypothyroid and the biochemical and anthropometric parameters were compared between these two groups. Result:In our study there was no statistically significant difference in the biochemical parameters between the PCOS subjects and the control group but the anthropometric parameters BMI and waist circumference were markedly increased in PCOS subjects as compared to the control group. The fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol and TG (triglyceride) levels were increased in hypothyroid PCOS subjects as compared to the euthyroid PCOS subjects. The waist circumference was also markedly increased in hypothyroid PCOS subjects as compared to the euthyroid group. Conclusion:Fasting blood sugar, Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly increased in hypothyroid PCOS patients as compared to euthyroid PCOS patients. This may increase the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular events in PCOS patients suffering form hypothyroidism Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Subclinical hypothyroidism, Lipid profile, Body mass index, Waist circumference

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