Kelvin M Mwita

Abstract

This study assessed how effective employee performance management is in Tanzania public health facilities. Primary data were collected from personnel responsible for human resource management in public health facilities through the use of questionnaires and interviews in Tanzania mainland. It was found that a considerable number of health workers in Tanzania do not understand well how to use the performance management system in place (Open Performance Review Appraisal System-OPRAS). Participatory goal setting was found to be challenging since employees are not given sufficient autonomy to identify and discuss what they are supposed to achieve. Goal implementation has been also affected by the fact that health facilities are allocated with limited resources. The study recommends designing and implementation of capacity building programs to help health workers mastering the use of OPRAS. Supervisors and managers of health facilities should insist participatory goal setting to stir-up motivation and commitment of health workers. The government should increase budget allocated in health facilities to increase employee performance. Keywords: Performance management, Performance appraisal, Health sector, OPRAS, Health systems, Tanzania. 

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Abstract

Youth unemployment around the world poses a major challenge to today’s societies. One of the basic functions of education is to cultivate people to meet the needs of the labour market. Employability has been a challenge for graduates of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) due to their failure to meet the current labour market expectations. Human capital theory assumes that education determines the marginal productivity of labour, and that marginal productivity determines earnings. Those who attend university and obtain graduate-level status will, according to the theory, reap benefits for themselves and for the wider society, due to the skills and knowledge they can offer. Secondary data was used to collect data from various published sources. It was found that engagement in sport is viewed as a sound investment from the perspectives of various groups, with examples highlighting how sport provided ‘added value’ beyond subject-specific qualifications. Skills that graduates described that they had gained from sport were the same skills that employers said that they were looking for in prospective employees. Despite the importance of sports students are facing a number of challenges when wishing to engage themselves in sports. Keywords: Sports participation, Graduate employability, Unemployment.

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