Balaji T G

Abstract

Background: Leprosy is known to man since ancient times. Leprosy bacillus was discovered by Gerhard Henrick Armauer Hansen in 1873. Ridley-Jopling classification takes into consideration clinical, bacteriological, histopathological and immunological factor. The present study was done to correlate clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Materials and Methods : Fifty newly diagnosed cases of leprosy were included in the study during the period from August 2011 to August 2013. H and E stained sections were observed for histopathological features and classified according to Ridley & Jopling classification and a clinicopathological correlation was made. Result: Maximum numbers of cases diagnosed histopathologically belonged to borderline tuberculoid 18(36%) cases. Hundred percent correlation was seen between clinical diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis in tuberculoid leprosy. The overall clinico-histopathological correlation in our study was 62%. Conclusion: Histopathological classification is accurate as it considers immunologic response of the tissue, whereas clinical classification considers only gross appearances of the lesions. Borderline leprosy cases are in a continuous changing immunological spectrum and histopathologic classification identifies any recent shift of a case in the spectrum. Keywords: Histopathology, Leprosy, Ridley-Jopling’s classification.

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Abstract

Indtoduction: Overnight transfusion in non-emergency situations disrupts the sleep of the recipient and his neighbouring patients. Sleep affects wellbeing of the patient, leading to poor outcome of patient. This study was conducted to evaluate overnight packed red blood cell transfusions in our hospital which is a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital. It was done over a period of one year from September 2018 to August 2019. The overnight transfusion time interval considered was between 8 PM to 8 AM. Result: During this period of study 988 patients were issued a total of 1,180 units of PRBC. Male to Female ratio of the issued units was 1.3:1. Predominant blood group of PRBC units issued was O positive 379(32.1%). Majority of PRBC units were issued between 8.00 PM to 12.00 AM 658(55.8%). Most common indication for PRBC issue was Anaemia 692(58.6%). Conclusion: Majority of packed red blood cells issued for transfusion during overnight hours was for anaemia cases, these transfusions can be done during regular working hours. All the hospitals should have guidelines for overnight transfusions. Keywords: Overnight transfusion, Packed Red Blood Cell, Transfusion.

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