Amar Sunil Lobo

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is frequently found as normal microbial flora of gastrointestinal tract, nasopharynx and skin, has emerged as a major nosocomial pathogen causing infections of the lower respiratory tract, wounds and urinary tract more commonly opportunistic infections in immune-compromised hosts. Respiratory tract infections are one among the most common nosocomial infections caused by K. pneumoniae. Multi-drug resistant K. pneumoniae (MDR-KP), along with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains are the cause of concern making it a difficult target for antibiotic chemotherapy. This study was conducted to know the antibiogram pattern and the occurrence of hypermucoviscous in clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae from respiratory samples in a tertiary care medical college hospital in South India. K. pneumoniae isolates were characterized from respiratory tract samples by using standard microbiological procedures showing hypermucoviscosity which were screened for antibiotic sensitivity test by using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion and also by double disk synergy test (DDST) for presumptive ESBL production. In our study we found that, among 87 respiratory samples of K. pneumoniae isolates, 79 (90.8%) were hypermucoviscous and 29 (33.3%) isolates were found to be ESBL producers. This shows that, ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates had a greater capacity to produce hypermucoviscosity (100%) than non-ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates (86.2%). Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Antibiogram, Respiratory samples, Hypermucoviscosity, Hypervirulent.

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Abstract

Klebsiela pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), belongs to Enterobacteriaceae family and is the most pathogenic species that is prominently reasons for infections such as septicaemia, pneumonia and also urinary tract infections (UTIs). The UTIs is due to Gram negative bacteria and could be both nosocomial and also community acquired which are very difficult to treat as a consequence of antibiotics resistance. The increased incidence of antibiotic resistance among these healthcare associated uropathogenic strains of K. pneumoniae leads to increase in mortality, morbidity rates makes the treatment of UTIs less cost effective. Increase in multidrug-resistance and production of extended spectrum Beta- lactamases (ESBLs) by uropathogenic K. pneumoniae strains which are of a greater public health concern. This study was conducted to know the occurrence of hypermucoviscosity and ESBL production in K. pneumoniae isolates from urine samples in a tertiary care medical college hospital in Dakshina Kannada, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. K. pneumoniae isolates were characterized from urinary tract samples by using standard microbiological procedures showing hypermucoviscosity which were screened to test antibiotic sensitivity by using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion and also by double disk synergy test (DDST) for presumptive ESBL production. In our study we found, among 80 samples of uropathogenic K. pneumoniae isolates, 78(97.5%) were hypermucoviscous or hypervirulent, 19(23.7%) isolates were found to be ESBL producers. This shows that ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates had a greater capacity to produce hypermucoviscosity (100%) than non-ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates (96.7%). Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Hypermucoviscous, Uropathogenic, Hypervirulent, ESBL production.

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Abstract

Nosocomial and community acquired infections are being caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) worldwide. K. pneumoniae among gram negative organisms is an important bacterium responsible for site specific infection when they grow as biofilm. Survival of K. pneumoniae is facilitated by biofilm formation that makes it easier to multiply and spread to various sites. Extended–spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing K. pneumoniae isolates from respiratory samples were used to know the occurrence of biofilm formation conducted in a tertiary care medical college hospital in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka, India. To know the occurrence of biofilm formation among extended–spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing K. pneumoniae isolates from respiratory samples a prospective study has been conducted in a tertiary care medical college hospital in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka, India. A total of 87 K. pneumoniae isolates from respiratory samples were characterized according to standard microbiological specific procedures. Screening was done for K. pneumonia Biofilm formation in terms of their antibiotic sensitivity pattern by using standard Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and presumptive ESBL production by double disk synergy test (DDST). Out of 87 clinical isolates from respiratory samples, 45 (51.72%) were found to be biofilm producers. 29 (33.33%) isolates were ESBL producers and all them produced biofilm. ESBL forming K. pneumoniae isolates had a significantly greater capacity to form strong biofilm (72.4%) than non ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates (27.58%). Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Nosocomial infections, ESBL production, Kirby-Bauer, Biofilm formation.

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Abstract

Multidrug resistant Gram negative bacteria belonging to family Enterobacteriaceae are responsible for urinary tract infections (UTIs) that are difficult to treat. Nosocomial and community acquired UTIs are known to be existing with resistance recently. Higher drug resistance among these healthcare associated pathogenic bacteria increases the mortality, morbidity rates and the medical costs. UTIs caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pneumoniae) isolates are a major public health problem because of their multidrug-resistance to third generation cephalosporins and for their ability to produce extended spectrum beta- lactamases (ESBLs). To accesses the formation of biofilm formation and ESBL production especially in K.pneumoniae isolates from urine samples, this study has been designed in a tertiary care medical college hospital in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka, India. According to established standard methods, about 80 urine samples containing K. pneumoniae isolates were characterized and subjected for screening to antibiotic susceptibility test using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion and and presumptive ESBL production by double disk synergy test (DDST). In this study, we found that 55 (68.75%) were found to be biofilm producers. 19 (23.75%) isolates were ESBL producers and all them produced biofilm. K. pneumoniae isolates producing ESBL had a significantly greater capacity to form strong biofilm (72.4%) than non ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates (27.58%). Keywords: Urinary tract infections, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Multidrug, ESBL production, Biofilm  

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