R Arbind Kumar Choudhary

Abstract

Researchers are studying several types of drugs to treat the novel coronavirus or COVID-19 that has spread to over 200 countries, taking a massive human toll of nearly 2.6 lakh as of Wednesday morning. About 37 lakh positive cases have been identified, including almost 50,000 cases in India. Most drugs being worked upon are repurposed and are largely anti-viral drugs used previously to treat other conditions. For instance, Favipiravir, or Avigan was used to treat influenza in Japan. Likewise, Remdesivir was tested on Ebola. Another treatment, while not a drug, that has shown promise is plasma therapy. The method uses convalescent plasma which is extracted from the blood of recovered COVID-19 patients. This plasma contains antibodies that neutralize SARS-CoV-2.Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine have not been shown to be safe and effective for treating or preventing COVID-19. They are being studied in clinical trials for COVID-19, and temporary use during the COVID-19 pandemic for treatment of the virus in hospitalized patients Keywords: Empirical Pharmacotherapy, COVID-19, Remdesivir, Favipiravir, Chloroquine.

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Abstract

Introduction: Healthy human body needs iron for multiple process during development. Several diseases are associated with iron deficiency and increased demands also may lead to iron deficiency. Many diseases have been addressed by siddha system of medicine like syphilis, respiratory diseases, carcinoma etc and there has been mention of usage of metals, mineral, arsenics and hydrochemicals constituting about 220 types which are used for preparing medicines. The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of Annabedi Chendhuram (Siddha) and Elemental iron (Allopathy) in the treatment of Iron deficiency anaemia to achieve normal function of it. Iron preparations are commonly used to improve hemoglobin content of blood. ‘Vaithya Sastram’ explained elaborately the diet for Pandu (anaemia). Materials and Methods: Cross sectional multicentric Prospective randomized study is conducted in Arupadai Veedu Medical College, Kirumampakkam, Pondy to cuddalore ECR Main Road, Puducherry and IRT-Perundurai Medical College Erode, District for 45 days using two different oral iron preparation Siddha drug: Annabedi Chendhuram 100mg twice daily orally – after food. Alopathy drug. Result and Discussion: Among the patients of group I, hemoglobin level increases 2-3 grams% in 15 patients, 3 to 4 grams % in 7 patients, 1 gram % in 3 patients after 45 days of treatment. Among the patients of group II, hemoglobin level increases 2 grams % in 12 patients, 1 to 2 grams % in 6 patients, 1 gram % in 2 patients after 45 days of treatment. Out of treated patients in group I, 6 patients had nausea only. Out of treated patients in group II, 2 patients had constipation only. Conclusion: Annabedi Chendhuram (siddha) and Elemental iron (allopathy) both are equally effective but in terms of side effect siddha was slightly better further need to conduct a large sample study for better understanding Keywords: Annabedi Chendhuram, Elemental iron, Anemia.

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Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) in children is a neglected aspect of the TB epidemic despite it constituting 20% or more of all TB cases in many countries with high TB incidence. Tuberculosis constitutes a serious global health problem with nearly 10 million new cases of tuberculosis (2011) and 1.4 million deaths every year. There were no studies done about the interaction of levels of calcium in patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis before and after treatment for six-month duration. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Chennai tuberculosis hospital from January 2012 through July 2015 in seven target groups, with consecutive recruitment. Patients with newly diagnosed smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis who had provided written information consent were randomly assigned to receive either a test or control regimen. Blood samples thus collected using standard sampling techniques were centrifuged to get the serum that was analysed for calcium by photometric test using Arsenazo III endpoint method. Results and Discussion: Results were expressed as Mean ± S.D for each measure. There were significant differences between treatment months Six months Treatment: 2.5 to 8.5 level bars are hypocalcaemia (26 patients), 9 to 10.5 level bars are normal values (31 patients), and 11 to 12.5 level bars are hypocalcaemia (4 patients). The statistically significant difference in the serum calcium concentration was found among culture-positive patients. Conclusion: Studies can be carried out on the prospects of use early markers of hypocalcaemia and hypercalcemia, as for before and after TB treatment. Our findings offer the possibility that early intervention will help achieve calcium conversion and ultimately a successful treatment outcome. Keyword: Photometric Test, Serum Calcium, Smear-Positive Pulmonary TB.

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