Ilham Zaidi

Abstract

Vaccination is a boon to humankind. Vaccines against various infectious diseases have helped strengthen our fight against the diseases and improve the health status of people around the globe. The acceptance of the vaccines is the key to the success of the vaccination programs. The covid-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on the lives of people all over the world. The mass vaccination against covid-19 is a weapon to fight against the disease and return to normalcy. The review looked at the various factors for vaccine acceptance and vaccine hesitancy among the population. The common perceptions are also documented. Age, gender, marital status, trust in vaccine development, occupation, educational status, race, or region of belonging are a few factors impacting vaccine acceptance or vaccine hesitancy. The various common perceptions regarding vaccine development, efficacy and Sars-Cov2 virus also significantly impact vaccine hesitancy. Keywords: Covid-19, Vaccine, Physicians

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Abstract

Infection control and prevention are critical aspects of healthcare, especially in hospitals where patients are vulnerable to acquiring infections during their stay. Hospital-acquired infections, also known as nosocomial infections, have become a major concern in recent years and got more attention after widespread of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. In terms of a dental healthcare facility, it is important to understand the types of infections present in the facility environment and the associated risks with them along with their cross-transmission risk. A dental hospital has different working zones which are interdependent which increases the chances of infection propagation. To avoid the propagation of these infections, standard protocols, and preventive measures have been discussed widely but one of the most important factors which is the designing and planning of the healthcare facilities has not been discussed much from the aspect of propagation of infections which could largely decrease the propagation of the infections from different areas within the facility and infecting a different group of peoples in it. The prime focus of the study was on reviewing infectious pathogens related to nosocomial infections, pathogenicity, the risks associated, and ways to reduce the propagation through the implementation of architectural planning movement flow and designing of a dental hospital.   Keywords: Dental care, Dental hospital, Hospital-acquired infection, Microorganism, Nosocomial infection

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