Kaushik Bhattacharya

The treatment of ranula ranges from conservative in congenital ranula to non-operative management like laser, radiotherapy, cryosurgery or sclerotherapy and finally the best and time tested surgical management with minimal or negligible recurrence. Surgical management should be recommended to all in case of plunging ranula with symptoms. Keywords: Plunging ranula, Sublingual gland, Radiotherapy, Sclerotherapy

In 2020, a new pair of salivary glands was discovered between the nasal cavity and throat called ‘Tubarial salivary gland ’. Though they were first discovered in Netherlands Cancer Institute during PET CT scan, and it is significant only during radiotherapy, the discovery itself is engulfed in various controversies. A review of literature along with the current locus standi about the latest salivary glands is done.   Keywords: Radiotherapy, Salivary gland, PET scan

Teaching anatomy to the medical students is shifting from learning the traditional gross anatomy with didactic lectures to learning anatomy by laparoscopic dissection on the cadavers. The open dissection hall teaching is loosing relevance to learning clinical anatomy with laparoscopic dissection live by the medical students. Laparoscopic demonstrations can generate interest in surgery in the students that would otherwise not be possible in the preclinical years. Additional advantages of laparoscopic anatomy learning are improved three-dimensional orientation, increased dexterity and development of team working skills among students. The magnified laparoscopic views and the ability to deeply explore anatomical features to demonstrate the basic anatomy better with full clarity does makes an impression on the young medical students. The major disadvantage is student may feel the lack of pleasure of tactile sensation, of touching the anatomical organs during laparoscopic demonstration.   Keywords: Laparoscopy, Cadaver, Dissection, Anatomy.

Congenital Cleft Lip and Palate is a common birth defect with an incidence of 1 in 600 to 800 live births. This defect usually affects either the left, right or in some cases both sides of the lip and is called a Tessier Type 3 cleft. Clefting of the face in the midline is exceedingly rare and such a case of a Median Facial Cleft Syndrome is being reported which occurs in nearly 1 in 1,000,000 live births. This was first described by Bechard in 1823 and can be sporadic or part of an inherited syndrome. The child had a median cleft of the upper lip, nose, and palate of a severe, complete variety, with absent philtrum of the upper lip, premaxilla, columella, nasal septum and vomer. Keywords: Median facial cleft, Tessier cleft, Holoprosencephaly, Frontonasal Deformity

Plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) are benign tumors that grow in the nerves of people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a genetic disorder that affects the development and growth of nerve cell tumors. PNs can occur anywhere in the body but are most commonly found in the skin, nerves, and bones. They can cause disfigurement and functional impairment, and may also increase the risk of malignant transformation. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and medications to manage symptoms.   Keywords: Plexiform Neurofibromatosis, Selumetinib, Sclerotherapy, Laser