Neha Jain

Abstract

Globally, deaths and injuries following Road Traffic Accident are a significant and increasing public health concern. Death due to road traffic accidents is becoming alarming in India and rest of the countries. A prospective study has been conducted at Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Sri Aurobindo Medical College & Post Graduate Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh. The study was carried out from October 2015 to March 2017. The study was undertaken to analyze Socio-demographic profile in fatal road traffic accident victims. Total 102 cases of both sexes and all age groups having head injuries due to road traffic accident, brought to our postmortem centre for medico-legal autopsy were included. Out of total 102 cases, male to female ratio was 5.8:1 and commonest age group affected was 21-30 years (36.8%). Among total victims, majority of cases were Hindu (93.1%). 28.4% of the victims were educated up to secondary school and 28.4% were farmer & laborers by occupation. Most of the deaths occurred due to accidents on Highway roads (47.1%). Most of the victims were on two wheeler (61.8%) and majority of them were without helmet (97%). Accidents were most common in summer months of March, April, May and June (39.2%). This study aims to provide epidemiological facts in head injury victims involved in vehicular accidents. Keywords: Autopsy, Socio-demographic profile, Road traffic accident, Head injury.

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Abstract

Head injuries are the most serious injuries in the term of morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted in mortuary of MGM Medical College, Indore over the period of one year from 1st October 2014 to 30th September 2015. A total of 200 post-mortem cases of road traffic accident victims were studied. Objective of the study was to find out pattern and distribution of intracranial hemorrhages in fatal road traffic accident victims. In the present study males (n=156, 78.0%) outnumbered females (n=44, 22.0 %). Most affected age group was between 21-30 years having total 65 cases (32.5%), followed by 31-40 years in 38 (19.0 %) cases. Sub Dural Hemorrhage (SDH) alone was present in 32 (16.0%) cases which was most common, followed by Sub Arachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) in 31 (15.5%) cases. In combination SDH with SAH was most common hemorrhage i.e. in 88 (44.0%) cases. RTAs were more common in the younger age groups and in male sex.  Head injury was the major cause of death in majority cases of RTAs mostly due to Subdural and Subarachnoid Haemorrhages. This further shows the need of strict implementations of rules for controlling the speed of vehicle. Keywords: Road traffic accident, Extra dural hemorrhage, Sub dural hemorrhage, Sub arachnoid hemorrhage.

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Abstract

Assault cases coming to casualty of a hospital primarily reflects the intensity of the crime of that region. The present study was conducted in the casualty of Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore. Duration of study was 2 years from 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2017 during which 194 cases were studied. Out of all the cases male victims were 163(84.02%) and females were 31(15.98%). Adult age group from 21- 30 years was most commonly affected with a sum total of 72(37.11%) victims. Commonest injury was laceration in 76(32.07%) cases followed by swelling in 55(23.20%) cases present over different parts of body. Surgery department was called for intervention in 133(68.56%) of cases than orthopedics department in 71(36.60%) cases. All the victims were examined meticulously, treated and injury report was made and further informed to police for investigation and judicial proceedings. Keywords: Assault, Injuries, Casualty, Medicolegal.

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Abstract

Hanging is that form of violent asphyxial death which is caused (i) either by the exclusion of air from lungs or oxygenated blood from the brain, (ii) by means of ligature around the neck, (iii) the constricting force is the weight of the body. It is the second most commonly used suicide methods in India and has a high mortality. The materials required are easily available, and a wide range of ligatures can be used. Hanging is the most common form of asphyxial death that forensic experts come across in their practice. The present study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology of Sri Aurobindo Medical College & PGI, Indore, from January 2013 to December 2017. Total 113 cases of hanging were found in this duration. The different aspects of hanging cases like sex ratio, age group involved, residence, ligature material used, type of hanging, place of hanging, salivary stain marks, the position of the knot and other Postmortem findings have been discussed in detail in this study. Keywords: Suicide, Hanging, Ligature mark.

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